Ecopipam Tablets to Study Tourette Syndrome in Children and Adolescents - Open Label Extension

An AE was any untoward medical condition that occurs in a participant while participating in this clinical study. It can be any unfavorable and unintended sign (including an abnormal laboratory finding), symptom, or disease temporally associated with the use of a study drug, whether or not related to the study. An SAE was any untoward medical occurrence that at any dose met one, more of the following criteria: results in death, life-threatening, requires inpatient hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization, results in persistent, significant disability/incapacity, a congenital abnormality/birth defect, an important medical event. The relationship of the study drug in causing or contributing to the AE whether unrelated, possibly related, or probably related was decided by investigator medical judgment.

Basophils/Leukocytes was measured in percentages (%). Baseline was defined as the last measurement taken before the first dose of open-label treatment on Day 1 of current study. Change from baseline in basophils to leukocytes ratio is reported in terms of percentage of cells.

Eosinophils/Leukocytes was measured in percentages (%). Baseline was defined as the last measurement taken before the first dose of open-label treatment on Day 1 of current study. Change from baseline in eosinophils to leukocytes ratio is reported in terms of percentage of cells.

Baseline was defined as the last measurement taken before the first dose of open-label treatment on Day 1 of current study. Change from baseline in hematology parameter erythrocytes was reported.

Baseline was defined as the last measurement taken before the first dose of open-label treatment on Day 1 of current study. Change from baseline in hematology parameter hematocrit was reported.

Baseline was defined as the last measurement taken before the first dose of open-label treatment on Day 1 of current study. Change from baseline in hematology parameter hemoglobin was reported.

Baseline was defined as the last measurement taken before the first dose of open-label treatment on Day 1 of current study. Change from baseline in hematology parameters (Leukocytes and Platelets) expressed in 10^9 cells per liter were reported.

Lymphocytes/leukocytes was measured in percentages (%). Baseline was defined as the last measurement taken before the first dose of open-label treatment on Day 1 of current study. Change from baseline in lymphocytes to leukocytes ratio is reported in terms of percentage of cells.

Monocytes/leukocytes was measured in percentages (%). Baseline was defined as the last measurement taken before the first dose of open-label treatment on Day 1 of current study. Change from baseline in monocytes to leukocytes ratio is reported in terms of percentage of cells.

Neutrophils/leukocytes was measured in percentages (%). Baseline was defined as the last measurement taken before the first dose of open-label treatment on Day 1 of current study. Change from baseline in neutrophils to leukocytes ratio is reported in terms of percentage of cells.

Baseline was defined as the last measurement taken before the first dose of open-label treatment on Day 1 of current study. Change from baseline in Serum chemistry parameters (alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, and lactate dehydrogenase) were reported.

Baseline was defined as the last measurement taken before the first dose of open-label treatment on Day 1 of current study. Change from baseline in Serum chemistry parameters (albumin, globulin and protein) were reported.

Baseline was defined as the last measurement taken before the first dose of open-label treatment on Day 1 of current study. Change from baseline in Serum chemistry parameters (bicarbonate, calcium, chloride, cholesterol, glucose, phosphate, potassium, sodium, triglyceride, urea nitrogen) expressed in millimoles per liter (mmol/L) were reported.

Baseline was defined as the last measurement taken before the first dose of open-label treatment on Day 1 of current study. Change from baseline in Serum chemistry parameters (bilirubin, creatinine and direct bilirubin) expressed in micromole per liter (mcmol/L) were reported.

HbA1c is the glycosylated fraction of hemoglobin A. It is measured to identify average blood glucose concentration over prolonged periods of time. Baseline was defined as the last measurement taken before the first dose of open-label treatment on Day 1 of current study. Change from baseline in HbA1c was reported.

Baseline was defined as the last measurement taken before the first dose of open-label treatment on Day 1 of current study. Change from baseline in vital signs parameters diastolic blood pressure and systolic blood pressure and according to the assessment position (supine and standing) expressed in millimeter(s) of mercury (mmHg) was reported.

Baseline was defined as the last measurement taken before the first dose of open-label treatment on Day 1 of current study. Change from baseline in vital sign parameter pulse rate and according to assessment position (supine and standing) was reported.

Baseline was defined as the last measurement taken before the first dose of open-label treatment on Day 1 of current study. Change from baseline in vital signs parameter BMI was reported.

Baseline was defined as the last measurement taken before the first dose of open-label treatment on Day 1 of current study. Change from baseline in vital signs height was reported.

Baseline was defined as the last measurement taken before the first dose of open-label treatment on Day 1 of current study. Change from baseline in vital signs parameter weight was reported.

Baseline was defined as the last measurement taken before the first dose of open-label treatment on Day 1 of current study. Change From Baseline in ECG parameters aggregate PR interval, aggregate QRS duration, aggregate QT interval, and aggregate QTc interval expressed in millisecond (msec) was reported.

Physical examination included examination of the following body areas and systems: Head, Eyes, Ears, Nose, Mouth, Throat, Neck (including Thyroid), Thorax, Abdomen, Urogenital, Extremities, Neurological, Skin and Mucosae and Others. Any clinically significant abnormalities in physical examination were judged by the investigator. Only non-zero values are reported.

The YGTSS was a clinician-completed rating scale used to quantify overall tic severity as well as specific subdomains of tic number, frequency, intensity, complexity and interference. Each of these subdomains was scored, on a 0 to 5 scale, separately for motor and vocal tics and then summed across both motor and vocal tics to yield a total tic score ranging from 0 to 50. Higher scores represent more severe symptoms. A negative change from baseline indicates improvement.

The YGTSS was a clinician-completed rating scale used to quantify overall tic severity as well as specific subdomains of tic number, frequency, duration, intensity, and complexity. Each of these subdomains was scored, on 0 to 5 scale, separately for an overall impairment rating from (0 = ''none'' to 50 = ''severe''). Higher score represent more severe symptoms. A negative change from baseline indicates improvement.

The YGTSS was a clinician-completed rating scale used to quantify overall tic severity as well as specific subdomains of tic number, frequency, duration, intensity, and complexity. Each of these subdomains was scored, on a 0 to 5 scale, separately for motor and vocal tics and then summed across both motor and vocal tics to yield a tic severity score ranging from 0 to 50. The YGTSS also provides for an overall impairment rating (0 = ''none'' to 50 = ''severe''). YGTSS-GS is the total of YGTSS-TTS and YGTSS-I. The maximum YGTSS Global score is 100, while the maximum motor score is 25, the maximum vocal score is 25, and the maximum impairment score is 50. Higher scores indicate more severe tics. A negative change from baseline indicates improvement.

The CGI consists of 2 reliable and valid 7-item Likert scales used to assess severity and change in clinical symptoms. The CGI severity scale (CGI-TS-S) ranges from 1 = "not ill at all" to 7 = "among the most extremely ill." Higher scores represent more severe symptoms. A negative change from baseline indicates improvement.

The CGI consists of 2 reliable and valid 7-item Likert scales used to assess severity and change in clinical symptoms. The scale ranges from 1 = "very much improved" to 7 = very much worse" for the CGI-TS-I. Higher score represent more severe symptoms.

The C&A-GTS-QOL was a 27-item questionnaire specific to TS patients that asks the patient to assess the extent to which their quality of life is impacted by their symptoms. The C&A-GTS-QOL consists of 6 subscales (cognitive [score range 0-32], coprophenomena [range 0-12], psychological [range 0-24], physical [range 0-12], obsessive-compulsive [range 0-16], and activities of daily living (ADL) [range 0-12] and uses a 5 point Likert scale ranging from no problem to extreme problem. Scores for six subscales were generated by summing items and, for ease of interpretation, transformation to a range of 0 to 100 (100* [(observed score-min possible score)/(max possible score-min possible score)]). Total score, resulted from sum of the subscale scores, was also normalized to a 0 to 100 range. Higher score indicated worst quality of life. A negative change from baseline indicates better quality of life.