Dysfunctional Adiposity and Glucose Impairment

Investigate whether body fat percentage estimated by air-displacement plethysmography (Bod-Pod®, Life Measurements, Concord, CA, USA) predicts postprandial carbohydrate intolerance early on in the metabolic dysregulation process.

Body fat percentage (BF%) is calculated from body density by means of the Siri equation.

Examine the predictive value of neck circumference as screening tool for the selection of patients who are most likely to benefit from an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)

Examine the predictive value of waist-to-hip ratio as screening tool for the selection of patients who are most likely to benefit from an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Waist-to-hip ratio was calculated as waist circumference divided by hip circumference. Waist circumference was measured at the midpoint between the iliac crest and the rib cage on the mid-axillary line, and hip circumference at the level of the greater trochanters was measured to the nearest millimetre using a flexible tape.

Examine the predictive value of waist-to-height ratio as screening tool for the selection of patients who are most likely to benefit from an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Waist-to-height ratio was calculated as waist circumference divided by height.

Examine the predictive value of body adiposity index (BMI) as screening tool for the selection of patients who are most likely to benefit from an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). BMI was calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared.

Examine the predictive value of body adiposity index (BAI) ([hip circumference/height1.5]-18) as screening tool for the selection of patients who are most likely to benefit from an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).

Investigate whether central fat depot predicts postprandial carbohydrate intolerance early on in the metabolic dysregulation process. Visceral and abdominal adiposity was quantified by the use of the abdominal bioelectrical impedance analysis device ViScan (Tanita AB-140, Tanita Corp., Tokyo, Japan).

Investigate whether a higher central fat depot is able to identify those individuals with higher inflammatory parameters (c-reactive protein, homocysteine and uric acid) and cardiovascular risk (higher rate of hypercholesterolemia, hypertension and/or obstructive sleep apnea).

Body fat percentage (BF%) is calculated from body density by means of the Siri equation.

Investigate whether a higher body fat percentage is able to identify those individuals with higher inflammatory parameters (c-reactive protein, homocysteine and uric acid) and cardiovascular risk (higher rate of hypercholesterolemia, hypertension and/or obstructive sleep apnea).

Body fat percentage (BF%) is calculated from body density by means of the Siri equation.

Assess the prevalence of postprandial carbohydrate intolerance in individuals with normal fasting glycaemia

Verification of the utility of the two-hour OGTT glucose value to select those individuals with higher cardiometabolic risk (higher rate of hypercholesterolemia, hypertension and/or obstructive sleep apnea).

Analyse the association between NAFLD and OGTT-based ß-cell function and insulin resistance in non-diabetic subjects.

Examine whether OGTT-based ß-cell function and insulin resistance indices could be used as screening tools for the selection of patients who are most likely to benefit from a NAFLD-study.

Examine whether the glucose response curve could be used as screening tool for the selection of patients who are most likely to benefit from a NAFLD-study.