Dispersal Pattern for Spine Injections (Gadolinium Contrast)

Epidural steroid injections have long had an impact in the treatment of various spine-related conditions, particularly radiculopathy. The efficacy of epidural spinal injections has been attributed to the anatomic location reached by the injectate. Cervical epidural steroid injections are also used as an injury location indicator. This application is based on documenting pain relief after injection into a specific location in the cervical spine. Both the diagnostic and therapeutic applications for epidurals assume that the injectate remains local to the injection site in order to have its effects. However, in a recently completed study, the investigators group documented substantial diffusion of injectate after lumbar epidurals used computerized tomography (CT) assessments.1 Based on the exposure to ionizing radiation associated with CT along with the superior imaging specificity and sensitivity of MRI, the investigators are shifting their imaging modality to MRI for future studies. The proposed study is designed to evaluate the use of gadolinium and MRI to assess nature and amount of diffusion of injectate in the cervical region after standard-of-care epidural injections. To the investigators knowledge, this will be the first study to critically assess this common procedure in order to evaluate safety and efficacy in a clinical setting.

Inclusion criteria

• Age 18-85
• Cervical radiculopathy patient as identified by principle investigator

Exclusion criteria

• Patients unable to give consent or comply with rehabilitation process
• Pregnant
• Co-morbidities such as infection, malignancy, myelopathy or an uncontrolled medical condition
• Allergy to injectate
• Anticoagulative state
• Severe claustrophobia
• Non-MRI compatible pacemaker, neurostimulator, bladder stimulator or other mechanical device
• Renal disease that would cause the patient to be at an increased risk of complication of receiving the contrast agent