Covered vs Bare Metal Stents for Atherosclerotic Renal Artery Stenosis

Inclusion criteria

• 1) Renal artery diameter stenosis ≥60%; 2) Office systolic blood pressure ≥ 160 mmHg and/or office diastolic blood pressure ≥ 100 mmHg on at least two separate days without antihypertensive medication, or office systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg and/or office diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg while on three antihypertensive drugs at conventional doses; 3) Serum creatinine < 264 μmol/L (3.0 mg/dL); 4) Affected kidney length ≥ 7.0 cm, with residual glomerular filtration rate (GFR) ≥ 10 mL/min;

Exclusion criteria

• 1) Unstable clinical condition rendering the patient intolerant to revascularisation therapy; 2) Urinary protein ≥2+; 3) Contrast medium allergy; 4) Renal artery anatomy unsuitable for revascularisation therapy; 5) Reference vessel diameter <3.5mm or >8mm. 6)Patients with non-atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis (such as fibromuscular dysplasia or Takayasu arteritis); 7)Reference vessel diameter < 3.5 mm or > 8 mm