Comparing Laparoscopic and Open Surgery for Pancreatic Carcinoma

Inclusion criteria

• Age between 18 years and 75 years.
• Histologically confirmed PDAC or clinically diagnosed PDAC by an MDT without histopathologic evidence.
• Patients feasible to undergo both LPD and OPD according to MDT evaluations.
• Patients understanding and willing to comply with this trial.
• Provision of written informed consent before patient registration.
• Patients meeting the curative treatment intent in accordance with clinical guidelines.

Exclusion criteria

• Patients with distant metastases, including peritoneal, liver, distant lymph node metastases, and involvement of other organs.
• Patients requiring left, central or total pancreatectomy or other palliative surgery.
• Preoperative American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) score ≥ 4.
• History of other malignant disease.
• Pregnant or breast-feeding women.
• Patients with serious mental disorders.
• Patients treated with neoadjuvant therapy.
• Patients with vascular invasion and requiring vascular resection as evaluated by the MDT team according to abdominal imaging data.
• Body mass index > 35 kg/m2.
• Patients participating in any other clinical trials within 3 months.