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NCT Number: NCT02412930

Comparative Study of Ultrasound-guided Paravertebral Block Versus Intravenous Tramadol in Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy

Paravertebral block has been widely used for analgesia. The aim of this study,comparison of the effect of ultrasound-guided paravertebral block versus intravenous tramadol for postoperative pain control in percutaneous nephrolithotomy.

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Key information

Conditions

Postoperative Pain Neurologic Manifestations Pain Pain, Postoperative Pathologic Processes Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms Postoperative Complications Signs and Symptoms

Age range

18 year–70 year

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Phase 4

Primary location

Cukurova University Faculty of Medicine

Adana, 01230, Turkey (Türkiye)

About this study

The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethical Committee. Written informed consent was obtained from all patients, before starting to surgery.

The patients were given no premedication. The demographic data of patients (age, gender, the presence of other diseases) were recorded, preoperatively. All patients were applied standard monitoring in the operating room. After the induction of anesthesia provided intravenously propofol (2-3mg/kg) and rocuronium bromide (0.5 mgkg-1), all patients were intubated with a suitable endotracheal tube. Anesthesia maintenance was provided with 1-2% sevoflurane and a 60% nitrous oxide-40% oxygen gas mixture. 0.9% NaCl (5-10 mLkg-1) was started as fluid resuscitation. Urinary catheter was inserted before placement, and then all patients were placed in the prone position.

Postoperatively, duration of surgery, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, heart rate, peripheral oxygen saturation (SBP, DBP, HR, and SpO2), visual analog scales (VAS), side effects such as vomiting and nausea, complications such as pneumothorax, tramadol consumption and additional analgesic requirements of patients were recorded at 1, 2, 4, 6, 12 and 24 h in the postoperative period. These parameters were evaluated by an anesthesiologist in the first 24 hours postoperatively. If the VAS score was >4, patients in both groups were administered diclofenac.

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: No

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • 53 patients scheduled for percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL),
  • 18-70 years of age,
  • weight between 50-100 kg,
  • American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification I-II were included

Exclusion criteria

  • The exclusion criteria were refusals by patients,
  • coagulation abnormalities,
  • patients with spinal deformity,
  • cutaneous infection at the injection site and
  • a known allergy to drugs.

Treatment and study plan

Ultrasound-guided Paravertebral Block

Procedure

paravertebral block was performed by ultrasound guidance at T11, T12 and L1 levels, using 0.5% bupivacaine total dose of 15 mL in group P. The injection site was covered with sterile drapes, after cleaning with 10% povidone-iodine solution.

After, patients in both groups were performed patient controlled analgesia (PCA). The PCA was prepared with 400 mg tramadol into 100 mL of saline. The doses of tramadol in the PCA were bolus dose 0.1 mgkg-1 every 20 minutes without a background infusion.

Group Tramadol

Drug

Patients in group T were given intravenously a loading dose of tramadol of 1 mgkg-1, 45 minutes before the end of surgery. After,patients in both groups were performed patient controlled analgesia (PCA). The PCA (CADD Legacy PCA pump, Smiths Medical MD, Inc., St. Paul, MN) was prepared with 400 mg tramadol into 100 mL of saline. The doses of tramadol in the PCA were bolus dose 0.1 mgkg-1 every 20 minutes without a background infusion.

Bupivacaine

Drug

Ultrasound

Device

Primary outcomes

  1. Visual Analogue Scale

    Time frame: up to 24 hours

    Postoperative pain degree was evaluated by Visual Analogue Scale

Secondary outcomes

  1. tramadol consumption

    Time frame: up to 24 hours

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Cukurova University

Other

Registry information

Official study title

Comparative Study of Ultrasound-guided Paravertebral Block Versus Intravenous Tramadol for Postoperative Pain Control in Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy

Important dates

Study start
2012
Primary completion
2016
Study completion
2016
First posted
Apr 9, 2015
Registry last updated
Mar 22, 2017

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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