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OpenTrials
Completed

NCT Number: NCT07474753

Coffee Increases Physical and Cognitive Performance Both in Men and Women

The impact of caffeine habituation on acute responses to different doses of caffeinated coffee has received minimal attention. This study aimed to investigate the effects of different doses of coffee on physical and cognitive performance in men and women with different levels of daily caffeine consumption. Sixty-nine (35 women) athletes participated in this study, attending 4 experimental visits in a double-blind, randomized, crossover fashion: decaffeinated coffee (PLA), 1.5 mg·kg-1 (LCOF), 3 mg·kg-1 (MCOF) and 6 mg·kg-1 of caffeine (HCOF) from coffee ingestion. Sixty min after coffee consumption, participants performed squat and bench press exercises (1 repetition maximum, 1RM), 60% of 1RM muscular endurance (ME), maximal sprinting, and cognitive performance (CP) was assessed. Participants were allocated into low (LGROUP), moderate (MGROUP), and high (HGROUP) caffeine consumption groups.

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Key information

Conditions

Dietary Supplement Behavior Exercise Motor Activity

Age range

18 year–30 year

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Primary location

Ankara University's Department of Sports Science

Ankara, Turkey (Türkiye)

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: Yes

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Healthy individuals
  • Physically active individuals
  • Non-smokers
  • Age between 18 and 30 years
  • Free from respiratory insufficiency
  • Free from cardiovascular disease
  • Free from neuromuscular disorders
  • Free from musculoskeletal injury within the previous 6 months

Exclusion criteria

  • Diagnosed cardiovascular disease
  • Neuromuscular disease
  • Current limb injury
  • History of limb injury requiring treatment within the previous 6 months
  • Chronic respiratory disease or treatment for chronic respiratory conditions

Treatment and study plan

Low Dose Caffeine (LCOF)

Dietary Supplement

Caffeinated versions of instant coffee were prepared in 600 ml hot water (approximately 65°C) and served in a mug. Participants ingested 0.12 g·kg-1 of decaffeinated coffee + 0.04 g·kg-1 of caffeinated coffee to achieve 1.5 mg·kg-1 of caffeine intake in LCOF 60-min before the experimental trial.

Moderate Dose Caffeine (MCOF)

Dietary Supplement

Caffeinated versions of instant coffee were prepared in 600 ml hot water (approximately 65°C) and served in a mug. Participants ingested 0.08 g·kg-1 of decaffeinated coffee + 0.08 g·kg-1 of caffeinated coffee to achieve 3 mg·kg-1 of caffeine intake in MCOF 60-min before the experimental trial.

High Dose Caffeine (HCOF)

Dietary Supplement

Caffeinated versions of instant coffee were prepared in 600 ml hot water (approximately 65°C) and served in a mug. Participants ingested 0.16 g·kg-1 of caffeinated coffee to achieve 6 mg·kg-1 of caffeine intake in HCOF 60-min before the experimental trial.

Placebo (PLA)

Dietary Supplement

Decaffeinated versions of instant coffee were prepared in 600 ml hot water (approximately 65°C) and served in a mug. Participants ingested 0.16 g·kg-1 of decaffeinated coffee in PLA 60-min before the experimental trial.

Primary outcomes

  1. Upper- and Lower-boy muscular endurance

    Time frame: 60 minutes after caffeine or placebo ingestion (during each experimental trial)

    Muscular endurance assessed during bench press and squat exercises using 60% of one-repetition maximum (1RM). Performance expressed as total weight lifted (kg).

  2. Upper- and lower-body strenght

    Time frame: 60 minutes after caffeine or placebo ingestion (during each experimental trial)

    Maximal dynamic strength assessed using one-repetition maximum (1RM) tests in the squat and bench press exercises (kg).

Secondary outcomes

  1. Sprint Performance

    Time frame: 60 minutes after caffeine or placebo ingestion (during each experimental trial)

    Peak power output and mean power output measured during a 15-second Wingate anaerobic test on a cycle ergometer (W/kg).

  2. Cognitive performance

    Time frame: Baseline (before caffeine ingestion) and 60 minutes after caffeine or placebo ingestion.

    Reaction time (ms) and accuracy measured using a modified arrow flanker task.

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Northumbria University

Other

Registry information

Official study title

Habitual Caffeine Intake Affects the Ergogenicity of Dosing Regimens on Muscular Endurance But Not on Sprint and Cognitive Performance in Men and Women

Important dates

Study start
2020
Primary completion
2021
Study completion
2021
First posted
Mar 16, 2026
Registry last updated
Mar 16, 2026

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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