Chronic Effect of Fasting

The participants of the study will be divided in two groups: (1) a group with caloric restriction and without restriction in time for feeding and (2) a group with caloric restriction and restriction in time for feeding. This second group will be subdivided according to the participant's preference: (2.1) first meal at 8 a.m. and last meal at 4 p.m. or (2.2) first meal at 12 p.m. and last meal at 8 p.m. The caloric restriction for all participants will be 513 to 770 kcal from estimated energy requirement.

Inclusion criteria

• Females;
• Aged between 18 and 59 years old;
• Body mass index equal or greater 25 kg/m²;
• Agree to sign the informed consent.

Exclusion criteria

• Any chronic health conditions (e.g. chronic renal failure, autoimmune, heart, and liver disease);
• Thyroid diseases or medications for its treatment;
• Medications known to affect total energy expenditure;
• Use of steroids, immunosuppressants or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, weight-loss medications, oral hypoglycemic agents or insulin and any medications that influence metabolic and/or inflammatory parameters;
• Previous surgery for weight loss;
• Pregnancy or breast-feeding;
• Smoking;
• Alcohol use (>2 doses/day).