Bronx MBCT-Migraine

The MIDAS is a 5-item, self-report instrument that assesses the number of days in the past three months participants experienced partially or fully reduced functioning in a variety of contexts (work, school, social). MIDAS scores are totaled and interpreted in the following grades: 0-5 = Grade I (Little or no disability); 6-10 = Grade II (Mild disability); 11-20 = Grade III (Moderate disability); 21+ = Grade IV (Severe disability). Scores were dichotomized at "Not Severe" (Grades I, II, and III) and "Severe "(Grade IV). The outcome was the proportion of participants who reported "Severe Disability."

25-item, self-report questionnaire of the emotional and functional impact of headache on daily activities. Total scores range from 0-100, with higher scores indicating higher levels of disability.

Number of headache days/month for the month prior to treatment, and the month after treatment

Headache Severity was recorded for every headache day on a scale of 0 = None, 1 = Mild, 2 = Moderate, 3 = Severe. Average headache severity was averaged across all headache days for each month.

13-item self-report measure that conveys a participant's level of pain-related, catastrophic thinking during painful experiences. Total scores range from 0-52, with higher scores indicating higher levels of catastrophizing.

20-item, self-report measure of pain-related acceptance. Total scores range from 0-156 with higher scores indicating higher pain acceptance.

39-item self-report instrument assessing mindfulness. Total scores range from 39-195, with higher scores indicating higher levels of mindfulness.

33-item measure designed to assess the extent to which individuals with recurrent headaches expect that the occurrence, worsening, and improvement of their headaches are influenced primarily by their own behavior, by chance or fate, or by the actions of medical professionals. Total scores range from 33-165, with higher scores indicating more external (vs. internal) locus of control.

25-item self-report scale designed to capture the confidence a patient believes they have in their own abilities to prevent headache episodes and manage their pain. Total scores range from 25-175, with higher scores indicating higher levels of self-efficacy

8-item self-report measure that assesses emotional distress in the past week focusing on negative mood and negative self-views. Scores are normed using T-scores (M = 50, SD = 10) with higher scores indicating higher levels of depressive symptoms.

8-item self-report measure that assesses emotional distress in the past week focusing on fear, worry and hyper-arousal. Scores were normed using T-scores (M = 50, SD = 10) with higher scores indicating higher levels of anxious symptoms.

A daily 4-item measure of migraine related disability. Scores range from 0-10, with higher scores indicating higher levels of disability. Scores are averaged across all headache days recorded each month.