Bronchial Blockers vs Double-Lumen Tubes in Obese Patients

While its definition is somewhat arbitrary, the investigators consider hypoxia as SpO₂ < 90%, while maintaining FiO₂ = 1.0, in accordance to our hospital guidelines.

Assessed by the anaesthesiologist as: Excellent: complete lung collapse, perfect surgical visualization; Good: complete collapse, residual air; Poor: non-achieved collapse or partial collapse that interfered with surgical visualization.

Assessed by the thoracic surgeon as excellent, good or poor.

Time in minutes from the beginning of ventilation device insertion until correct placement is confirmed.

Number of repositioning attempts of the ventilation device.

When ventilation cannot be achieved with the device randomly allocated to the patient, conversion to the alternative device must be documented.

Record of intraoperative interventions performed in response to hypoxia (defined as SpO₂ < 90% despite FiO₂ = 1.0), including: increase in FiO₂, VENTRAIN ventilation/oxygenation, continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) to the non-dependent lung, or temporary return to bilateral lung ventilation.

Peripheral oxygen saturation, measured as a percentage.

Type of mechanical ventilation mode applied intraoperatively, categorized as volume-controlled ventilation (VCV), pressure-controlled ventilation (PCV), or pressure-controlled ventilation with volume guarantee (PCV-VG).

Volume of air delivered to the lungs with each ventilator breath during mechanical ventilation (mL).

Number of ventilator-delivered breaths per minute (bpm) during intraoperative mechanical ventilation.

Maximum pressure reached during inspiration in mechanical ventilation, reflecting resistance in the airways (cmH₂O).

Pressure measured during an inspiratory pause (cmH₂O).

Difference between plateau pressure and positive end-expiratory pressure (cmH₂O).

Percentage of oxygen in the gas mixture delivered by the ventilator during mechanical ventilation.

Measurement of arterial oxygen tension during mechanical ventilation (mmHg).

Measurement of arterial carbon dioxide tension (mmHg).

Ratio of arterial oxygen partial pressure to the fraction of inspired oxygen.

Arterial blood concentration of hemoglobin, collected intraoperatively as part of blood gas analysis (g/dL).

Percentage of red blood cells in whole blood, measured intraoperatively as part of arterial blood gas analysis (%).

Type of intraoperative complications related to the airway device, including: displacement of the bronchial blocker, tracheobronchial tree rupture, misplacement, trauma to the tracheobronchial tree, need for conversion to thoracotomy, and other complications.

Incidence of complications during the immediate postoperative period, including sore throat, aphonia, and other symptoms related to airway instrumentation.

Male or female.

Age at the time of the procedure (years).

Categorized as: Grade I (BMI: 30-34.9); Grade II (BMI: 35-35.9); Grade III (BMI≥ 40).

The Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) is a validated scoring system used to predict 10-year mortality by assigning weighted scores to 19 comorbid conditions, based on their severity. The total score reflects both the number and seriousness of comorbid diseases, with higher scores indicating a greater comorbidity burden. Values range from 0 to 33.

Yes or no.

The American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Physical Status Classification assesses the preoperative health status of patients undergoing surgery: ASA I: Normal health; ASA II: Mild systemic disease; ASA III: Severe systemic disease; ASA IV: Severe systemic disease that is constant threat to life; ASA V: Moribund, not expected to survive without operation; ASA VI: Declared brain-dead.

The Revised Cardiac Risk Index (RCRI) estimates a patient's risk of perioperative cardiac complications. It is calculated based patient's comorbidities and the type of surgery. A score from 0 to 6 is assigned based on the number of risk factors present.

Assessed by El-Ganzouri Risk Index, which categorizes the risk of a difficult airway (low or high) by taking into account mouth opening, tyromental distance, Mallampati classification, cervical mobility, pronation, weight and difficult intubation history.

Yes or no.

Halogenated or intravenous.

Laryngoscope or videolaryngoscope.

Cormack-Lehane scale: Grade I (complete visualization of vocal chords); Grade II (partial visualization of vocal chords); Grade III (epiglottis visualization, no visualization of vocal chords); Grade IV (no visualization of epiglottis).

Bronchus in which the device is inserted.

Han Scale: Grade 0: no mask ventilation; Grade 1: Easy mask ventilation; Grade 2: Needs oral airway or adjuvant with or without neuromuscular blocking agents; Grade 3: Difficult - inadequate or unstable or requiring two care providers, with or without neuromuscular blocking agents; Grade 4: Impossible - unable to mask ventilate with or without neuromuscular blocking agents.

Total surgical time in minutes, measured from the first incision to the completion of wound closure.

Lobectomy, segmentectomy or wedge resection.

Malignant or benign lung neoplasia.

Yes or no.

Yes or no.

Lateral, supine or prone position.

Preoperative diffusion capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO), expressed as a percentage of the predicted value.

Preoperative forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), reported as a percentage of the predicted value.