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NCT Number: NCT06923709

Beneficial Effect of Amiloride on Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease

This is a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded crossover trial testing the effects of amiloride in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and proteinuria.

In CKD with proteinuria, there is aberrant filtration of serine proteases and complement precursors into the tubular lumen. The interaction of these factors leads to proinflammatory complement activation, which may promote inflammation, opsonization, and formation of the membrane-attack complex, causing cell injury.

With the aim of preserving kidney function, reducing cardiovascular morbidity, and delaying renal replacement therapy in CKD, this study tests whether amiloride (10 mg/day) protects the filtration barrier, lowers albuminuria, and mitigates kidney inflammation through urokinase inhibition, independent of blood pressure effects.

Participants are randomized to receive amiloride (10 mg/day) or placebo for one week, with a 2-3-week washout period in between. Blood and urine samples are collected before and after each treatment period. Additionally, ECG, body composition measurements, blood pressure, and body weight are monitored.

The primary outcome measures are urinary C3a, soluble C5-9 (sTCC/MAC), and kidney injury biomarkers KIM-1 and NGAL. Secondary endpoints include the urinary albumin/creatinine ratio, protein/creatinine ratio, and blood pressure.

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Key information

Age range

18 year and older

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Phase 2

Primary location

Department of Nephrology, Odense University Hospital

Odense, 5000, Denmark

Location status: Recruiting

Location contact

Claus Bistrup, MD, Professor

CONTACT

[email protected]

+45-23368077

Gitte Rye Hinrichs, MD, PhD

CONTACT

[email protected]

+4521695186

Gitte Rye Hinrichs, MD, PhD

SUB_INVESTIGATOR

About this study

Please refer to the protocol

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: No

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

Participants are eligible to be included in the study, only if all the following criteria apply:

  • Participant must be 18 years of age including at the time of signing the informed consent.
  • A clinical diagnosis of chronic kidney disease and:
  • eGFR ≥ 25 mL/min/1.73m2 and < 60mL/ min/1.73m2 at screening
  • UACR of ≥ 300mg/g at screening
  • Participants must be on stable antihypertensive treatment 2 weeks before start of study drug and throughout study duration.
  • Office blood pressure at screening meeting (visit 1), > 110/60mmHg and < 150/90mmHg. If BP > 150/90mmHg at visit 1, screening phase can be prolonged to 4 weeks#.
  • Capable of giving signed informed consent.
  • Women with childbearing potential* can only be included if a pregnancy test is negative at the screening visit. Moreover, women should be using contraception during the study.
  • If the office blood pressure varies by approximately ±10 mmHg and is deemed acceptable by the investigator, the participant can be included.
  • Women are considered of childbearing potential following menarche and until becoming post-menopausal (12 consecutive months without a menstrual period) unless permanently sterile. Permanent sterilization methods include hysterectomy, bilateral salpingectomy or bilateral oophorectomy (According to the Clinical Trial Facilitation Group, 2014-09-15).

Exclusion criteria

Participants are excluded from the study is any of the following criteria apply:

  • Treatment with amiloride alone or in combination or use of other types of K-sparing diuretics, MR antagonists (Spironolactone, eplerenone, finerenone)
  • Ongoing cancer treatment
  • Treatment with immunosuppressive therapy within 6 months prior to screening
  • History of organ transplantation
  • Evidence of current infection (CRP> 50 and temperature > 38◦C)
  • History of unstable or rapidly progressing renal disease (eGFR decreasing > 5ml/min/1.73m2 the last 2 months)
  • Severe hepatic insufficiency classified as Child-Pugh C
  • Patients on hypertension treatment who is not on stable antihypertensive treatment 2 weeks before start of study drug.
  • Pregnancy or breastfeeding participants
  • Congestive heart failure NYHA class IV, unstable or acute congestive heart failure.
  • Recent cardiovascular events in a patient:
  • Less than two months post coronary artery revascularization.
  • Acute stroke or TIA within two months prior to screening
  • Acute coronary syndrome within two months prior to screening
  • Patients who, in the judgement of the investigator may be at risk for dehydration.
  • Known hypersensitivity to the study treatment (active substance or excipients)
  • Known hypersensitivity to resonium
  • Addison´s disease
  • Gastric bypass operation
  • Participation in other interventional trials
  • Lactose intolerance
  • Plasma potassium >4.9 mmol/l at screening

Treatment and study plan

Amiloride

Drug

5mg twice daily for 7 days

Placebo

Drug

1 tablet twice daily for 7 days

Primary outcomes

  1. Urine-C3a (ng/ml)

    Time frame: Measured before (day one) and after (day 8) each treatment period

    Urine-C3a is measured in spot urine samples and expressed as u-C3a/creatinine (µg/g) to account for the dilution factor.

  2. Urine C5-9-sTCC/MAC (U/ml)

    Time frame: Measured before (day one) and after (day 8) each treatment period

    Membrane Attack Complex (MAC) of the complement system, specifically targeting the C5 to C9 proteins. u-C5-9 is measured in spot urine samples and expressed as u-C5-9/creatinine U/µmol to account for the dilution factor.

  3. Kidney Injury Molecule-1 (KIM-1) pg/ml

    Time frame: Measured before (day one) and after (day 8) each treatment period

    KIM-1 is a protein that serves as a biomarker used particularly in the context of kidney injury

  4. Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) (pg/mL)

    Time frame: Measured before and after each treatment period

    NGAL is a protein associated with neutrophils used as a biomarker in the context of kidney injury.

Secondary outcomes

  1. Urine albumin/creatinin ratio (mg/g)

    Time frame: Measured before (day one) and after (day 8) each treatment period

    In spot urine samples, albumin and creatinin are measured

  2. Urine protein/creatinin ratio

    Time frame: Measured before (day one) and after (day 8) each treatment period

    In spot urine samples, albumin and creatinin are measured

  3. Home blood pressure (mmHg)

    Time frame: Measured before (day one) and after (day 8) each treatment period

    Home blood pressure are measured according to standard guidelines

Study contacts

Contact information is provided by the study sponsor or research team.

Gitte Rye Hinrichs, MD, PhD

CONTACT

[email protected]

004521695186

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Odense University Hospital

Other

Registry information

Acronym: A-CKD

Important dates

Study start
2024
Primary completion
2025
Study completion
2025
First posted
Apr 11, 2025
Registry last updated
Apr 11, 2025

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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