Assessment of Skeletal Maturity Using Proximal Femoral Epiphysis in Patients With Scoliosis

There are multiple skeletal maturity measures currently in use which were established with reliability in assessing growth. The advantages and shortcomings of each index was previously examined. This study aims to explore the use of proximal femoral epiphysis, which is in close proximity of the radiographic field of the spine, in assessing the growth status of patients with idiopathic scoliosis. The stages of the proximal femoral epiphyseal ossification has been established with specific definitions. The reliability and reproducibility of using these gradings will be examined by orthopaedic surgeons. Subsequently, the assessment of different pubertal growth landmarks using these gradings will be validated, and to see whether these gradings can provide indications of peak growth and growth cessation. Finally, the relationships of such growth assessment using this proximal femoral epiphysis ossification (PFEO) system and the curve progression in idiopathic scoliosis will be studied.

Inclusion criteria

• Idiopathic scoliosis
• Open triradiate cartilage or open distal radius epiphysis without capping

Exclusion criteria

• Non-idiopathic scoliosis
• Patients with growth hormone deficiency or developmental delay
• Patient has not reached skeletal maturity
• Defaulted and lost to follow-up