Aquatic Aerobic Training, Cardiorespiratory and Metabolic Variables in Coronary Artery Disease

• Personal Data recording:

• History: personal data, lifestyle and food, family history, current and previous history of disease.
• Physical examination: cardiac and lung auscultation,measurement of heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), body weight and height.
• Assessments:

All experimental procedures were performed in the morning in order to minimize the influence of circadian cycle. The temperature of the experimental room was maintained between 22 ° C and 24 ° C with relative humidity between 40% and 60%. Patients were familiarized with the experimental protocol, and instructed not to ingest stimulant drinks such as coffee, tea and soft drinks, do not drink alcohol, do not perform strenuous exercise (48 hours before surgery), and to perform a light meal at least four hours before the collections.

Aiming to verify if the baseline conditions were suitable for the beginning of the experimental procedures, the patients remained 15 minutes of rest in the supine position, and recorded blood pressure (BP) and HR.

After this, were performed:

• Analysis of body composition by bioelectrical impedance analysis.
• Registration of HR and NN intervals (NN) during rest, in the supine and sitting positions.
• Recording of HR and NN during rest in the supine position, sitting, standing and during respiratory sinus arrhythmia maneuver.
• Spirometric test and
• Cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET). This is a submaximal CPET performed on a treadmill, in order to verify and identify possible changes in hemodynamic, electrocardiographic induced to physical exertion, their aerobic functional capacity as well as to prescribe physical training protocol.
• Training:

After this assessment the volunteers were trained by a aerobic water based physical training program for 4 weeks.

• Second assessment:

Components of the first assessment have been repeated at the end of each month of physical training.

Inclusion criteria

• diagnosis by angiography
• sedentaries
• family story of cardiac disease
• obesity

Exclusion criteria

• frequent arrhythmias at rest
• triggered by physical effort
• unstable angina
• chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
• insulin-dependent diabet
• renal failure
• sequel of stroke
• uncontrolled hypothyroidism
• water phobia
• skin infections, allergic reactions to chlorine,
• urinary incontinence and
• musculoskeletal and neuromuscular disorders precluding physical tests and training sessions