Antibiotics vs Surgery in Acute Appendicitis

The aim of this study is to identify clinical, laboratory, and imaging parameters that can predict the most appropriate treatment strategy in patients diagnosed with acute appendicitis. Although appendectomy remains the gold standard treatment, selected patients may be successfully treated with antibiotic therapy. Therefore, determining which patients are more likely to benefit from surgical treatment and which may be managed with antibiotics represents an important clinical challenge.

This study is designed as a single-center prospective observational study. Patients aged 18 years and older who are diagnosed with acute appendicitis between 2024 and 2025 will be included. Demographic characteristics, diagnostic modalities, laboratory parameters, clinical scoring systems (Ohmann score and Alvarado score), imaging findings, and treatment modality (antibiotic therapy or appendectomy) will be prospectively recorded.

Patients treated with antibiotics will be followed to determine whether appendectomy becomes necessary later and to evaluate the time interval between diagnosis and surgery. Patients with other causes of acute abdomen or those with incomplete clinical data will be excluded from the study.

The primary aim of the study is to determine parameters that can predict treatment selection and clinical outcomes. Sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values of the evaluated parameters will be calculated to assess their usefulness in guiding treatment decisions.