A Study of The Effect of Hepatic Impairment on The Pharmacokinetics of Aleglitazar

AUCinf was calculated by non-compartmental analysis using the linear trapezoidal rule, using relative actual time values.

Cmax was obtained directly from the concentration-time data.

M1 and M6 are pharmacologically inactive metabolites of aleglitazar. AUCinf represents the area under the concentration-time curve of the analyte in plasma over the time interval from zero extrapolated to infinity. AUCinf was calculated by non-compartmental analysis using the linear trapezoidal rule, using relative actual time values.

M1 and M6 are pharmacologically inactive metabolites of aleglitazar. Cmax was obtained directly from the concentration-time data.

M1 and M6 are pharmacologically inactive metabolites of aleglitazar. AUC0-48 was calculated by non-compartmental analysis using the linear trapezoidal rule, using relative actual time values.

AUClast was calculated by non-compartmental analysis using the linear trapezoidal rule, using relative actual time values.

CL/F was calculated as dose/AUCinf, where AUCinf represents the area under the concentration-time curve of the analyte in plasma over the time interval from zero extrapolated to infinity.

CLR was calculated as Ae0-48/AUC0-48, where Ae0-48 as amount excreted in urine from time 0 to 48 hours post-dose and AUC0-48 represents area under the concentration-time curve of the analyte in plasma over the time interval from zero to the 48 hours post-dose.

Plasma and urine samples were collected for this PK parameter. CLNR/F was estimated as CL/F, based on the approximated formula of CLNR/F = (CL-CLR)/F with CLR of aleglitazar being equal to zero. CL/F was calculated as dose/AUCinf, where AUCinf represents the area under the concentration-time curve of the analyte in plasma over the time interval from zero extrapolated to infinity. CLR was calculated as Ae0-48/AUC0-48, where Ae0-48 as amount excreted in urine from time zero to 48 hours post-dose and AUC0-48 represents area under the concentration-time curve of the analyte in plasma over the time interval from zero to the 48 hours post-dose.

M1 and M6 are pharmacologically inactive metabolites of aleglitazar. Tmax was measured as time to reach the maximum concentration in the plasma after post-dose.

M1 and M6 are pharmacologically inactive metabolites of aleglitazar. T1/2 is the time required for a given drug concentration in the plasma to decrease by 50%.

The kel is fraction of a substance that is removed per unit time measured at any particular instant. It was calculated using at least 3 concentration-time points and ideally covered more than 2 half-lives.

Vz/F is the apparent volume of distribution during terminal phase after non-intravenous administration. It was calculated as CL/F/kel, where CL/F was calculated as dose/AUCinf, where AUCinf represents the area under the concentration-time curve of the analyte in plasma over the time interval from zero extrapolated to infinity and kel as constant elimination rate of aleglitazar.

The cumulative amount excreted in urine Ae0-48 over the entire collection interval of 48 hours was calculated by adding the Ae of the intervals 0-4, 4-8, 8-12, 12-24, and 24-48 hours, where Ae was calculated by multiplying the urine volume within the collection interval by the associated drug concentration.

fe0-48 was calculated as Ae0-48/dose. The cumulative amount excreted in urine Ae0-48 over the entire collection interval of 48 hours was calculated by adding the Ae of the intervals 0-4, 4-8, 8-12, 12-24, and 24-48 hours. Ae was calculated by multiplying the urine volume within the collection interval by the associated drug concentration.

fu was calculated using the mean of the 2-hour (reflecting Cmax) and 24-hour (reflecting Ctrough) values for each participant or, if the result of only one time-point was available, fu was the result of the available time-point. Ctrough) is a measured concentration at the end of a dosing interval at steady state.

AUCinf represents the area under the concentration-time curve of the analyte in plasma over the time interval from zero extrapolated to infinity. It was calculated by non-compartmental analysis using the linear trapezoidal rule, using relative actual time values. It was assessed using an analysis of variance model on the log-transformed values of AUCinf of aleglitazar with hepatic impairment group as factor.

Cmax was obtained directly from the concentration-time data.

Plasma samples were collected for this PK parameter. AUClast represents the area under the concentration-time curve of the analyte in plasma over the time interval from zero 0 to the last quantifiable time-point post-dose. It was calculated by non-compartmental analysis using the linear trapezoidal rule, using relative actual time values. AUClast was extrapolated to AUCinf by adding the ratio of Clast/kel to the AUClast, where Clast was the last observed concentration and kel was elimination rate constant.

AUClast represents the area under the concentration-time curve of the analyte in plasma over the time interval from zero to the 48 hours post-dose. It was calculated by non-compartmental analysis using the linear trapezoidal rule, using relative actual time values.

VzF/u is an apparent volume of Unbound distribution during terminal phase after non-intravenous administration. It was calculated as CL/F/kel, where CL/F was calculated as dose/AUCinf, where AUCinf represents the area under the concentration-time curve of the analyte in plasma over the time interval from zero extrapolated to infinity and kel as constant elimination rate of aleglitazar.

CL/F is an apparent total clearance of the drug from plasma after oral administration. It was calculated as dose/AUCinf. AUCinf represents the area under the concentration-time curve of the analyte in plasma over the time interval from zero extrapolated to infinity.

An AE is defined as any untoward medical occurrence in a participant or clinical investigation participant, temporally associated with the use of a medicinal product, whether or not considered to be related to the medicinal product. An SAE is any untoward medical occurrence that, at any dose, results in death, is life threatening, requires hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization, results in disability/incapacity, or results in a congenital anomaly/birth defect.

The ECG evaluations were performed after participants were at rest and in supine position for at least 5 minutes before recording and remain resting and supine during the recordings. ECGs parameters included heart rate (HR), RR interval, PR interval, QRS duration, QT interval, QTcB, and QTcF intervals. The normal ranges of ECG parameter values were: HR as 40-100 beats per minute, RR as 600-1500 milliseconds (msec), PR as 120-200 msec, QRS as 80-120 msec, QT as 200-500 msec, QTcB as 350-450 msec, and QTcF as 350-450 msec. Data was reported as the number of participants who had low level values (values less than the normal range) and high level values (values more than the normal range).

Vital signs were assessed after participants had rested in a supine position for no less than 5 minutes. Vital signs included systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, pulse rate, and oral body temperature. The normal ranges of vital signs were: systolic blood pressure as 90-140 millimeter of Hg (mm Hg), diastolic blood pressure as 50-90 mm Hg, pulse rate as 45-100 beats per minute, and oral body temperature as 36.3-37.5 degree Celsius. Data was reported as the number of participants who had low level values (values less than the normal range) and high level values (values more than the normal range).

Laboratory parameters included hematology, coagulation, biochemistry, and urinalysis. A marked abnormality was defined as a test result which was outside of the marked abnormality range. Data was reported as the number of participants who had low level values (values less than the normal range) and high level values (values more than the normal range).