A Phase 1 Trial of CD25/Treg-depleted DLI Plus Ipilimumab for Myeloid Disease Relapse After Matched-HCT

This research study is a Phase I clinical trial, which tests the safety of an investigational intervention and also tries to define the appropriate dose of the investigational intervention to use for further studies. "Investigational" means that the intervention is being studied.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has not approved ipilimumab for this specific disease but it has been approved for other uses. This drug has been used in other research studies and is now FDA-approved for the treatment of melanoma. Many people have also received ipilimumab on research studies for possible treatment of prostate cancer, lymphoma, kidney cancer, ovarian cancer and HIV infection. Information from those other research studies suggests that ipilimumab may help to treat the participant's cancer.

Ipilimumab is an antibody that acts against CTLA-4. An antibody is a common type of protein produced by the body that the immune system (a system that defends the body against potentially harmful particles) uses to find and destroy foreign molecules (particles not typically found in the body) such as bacteria and viruses.

Inclusion criteria

• Histologically or cytologically confirmed relapse of AML, MDS or MPN (CMML or myelofibrosis or MDS/MPN with ≥5% blasts in the marrow).
• Relapse at ≥2 months after any 8/8 or better HLA-matched HCT
• Available original stem cell donor.
• Age ≥18 years. Because no dosing or adverse event data are currently available on the use of Ipilimumab in participants <18 years of age, children are excluded from this study.
• ECOG performance status ≤2 (Karnofsky performance status ≥60, see Appendix A).
• Recipient donor T cell chimerism ≥20% within 4 weeks prior to cell infusion.
• <50% bone marrow involvement within 4 weeks prior to cell infusion.
• No systemic corticosteroid therapy for GVHD (≤5 mg of prednisone or equivalent doses of other systemic steroids for non-GVHD, non-autoimmune indications for at least 4 weeks prior to cell infusion).
• No other systemic medications/treatments (e.g. ECP) for GVHD for at least 4 weeks prior to cell infusion.
• Ability to understand and willingness to sign written informed consents.
• Adequate organ function as defined below:

• Total bilirubin: ≤1.5 x institutional upper limit of normal (ULN) (except Gilbert's or disease-related hemolysis, then < 3 x ULN)
• AST(SGOT)/ALT(SGPT): ≤3 x institutional ULN
• creatinine clearance: ≤1.5 x institutional ULN
• O2 saturation: ≥90% on room air
• LVEF >40%
• The effects of CD25/Treg-depleted DLI and Ipilimumab on the developing human fetus are unknown. For this reason and because immunomodulatory agents are known to be teratogenic, women of child-bearing potential and men must agree to use adequate contraception (hormonal or barrier method of birth control; abstinence) prior to study entry and for the duration of study participation. Should a woman become pregnant or suspect she is pregnant while participating in this study or within 23 weeks after the last dose of study drug, she should inform her treating physician immediately. Men treated or enrolled on this protocol must also agree to use adequate contraception prior to the study, for the duration of study participation, and for at least 31 weeks after completion of Ipilimumab administration.
• Negative pregnancy test for females of childbearing potential only

Exclusion criteria

• Extramedullary relapse involving immuno-privileged sites (e.g. CNS, testes, eyes). Other sites of extramedullary relapse (e.g. leukemia cutis, granulocytic sarcoma) are acceptable.
• Participants who have had anti-tumor chemotherapy or other investigational agents within 4 weeks prior to cell infusion (6 weeks for nitrosoureas or mitomycin C), or immunotherapy within 8 weeks prior, or those who have not recovered from adverse events due to agents administered more than 4 weeks prior. Use of hydroxyurea to control counts within 4 weeks prior to cell infusion is permitted.
• Prior history of DLI
• Prior history of treatment with anti-CTLA-4 or anti-PD-1 pathway therapy, or CD137 agonist therapy.
• Prior history of severe (grade 3 or 4) acute GVHD, or ongoing active GVHD requiring systemic treatment.
• Organ transplant (allograft) recipient.
• History of allergic reactions attributed to compounds of similar chemical or biologic composition to Ipilimumab or other agents used in study.
• Autoimmune disease: Patients with a history of inflammatory bowel disease, including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's Disease, are excluded from this study, as are patients with a history of symptomatic disease (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, systemic progressive sclerosis [scleroderma], systemic lupus erythematosus, autoimmune vasculitis [e.g., Wegener's Granulomatosis]) and motor neuropathy considered of autoimmune origin (e.g. Guillain-Barre Syndrome and Myasthenia Gravis). Patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis are eligible to go on study.
• Uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to, ongoing or active infection, symptomatic congestive heart failure, unstable angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia, or psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements.
• Pregnant women are excluded from this study because of the unknown teratogenic risk. Because there is an unknown but potential risk for adverse events in nursing infants secondary to treatment of the mother, breastfeeding should be discontinued if the mother is treated on this study.
• HIV-positive participants on combination antiretroviral therapy are ineligible because of the potential for pharmacokinetic interactions with agents used in this study. In addition, these participants are at increased risk of lethal infections when treated with marrow- suppressive therapy. Appropriate studies will be undertaken in participants receiving combination antiretroviral therapy when indicated.
• Individuals with active uncontrolled hepatitis B or C are ineligible as they are at high risk of lethal treatment-related hepatotoxicity after HCT.