A Multicenter and Prospective Study of Screening Retinopathy of Prematurity in China

Inclusion criteria

From December 2024 to May 2025, preterm infants (gestational age <37 weeks) or low birth weight infants (birth weight <2500 g) who receive their first ROP screening at Xinhua Hospital or partner institutions will be included.

Exclusion criteria

• Death before the first screening;
• Death or loss to follow-up before complete retinal vascularization;
• Presence of other diseases causing incomplete retinal vascularization, such as familial exudative vitreoretinopathy, incontinentia pigmenti, or Coats disease;
• Coexisting conditions affecting the classification or staging of ROP, such as corneal opacity, congenital cataract, persistent fetal vasculature, retinoblastoma, anophthalmia, Terson syndrome, or other ocular infections or diseases;
• Poor systemic condition preventing fundus examination;
• History of ocular trauma or surgery (excluding treatments for ROP);
• Poor-quality fundus images;
• Other conditions deemed exclusionary by the investigators.