3D Versus 2D Laparoscopic Ovarian Cystectomy

Laparoscopy has greatly replaced laparotomy in most gynaecological operations including oncological procedures. Laparoscopic approach is the mainstay for ovarian cystectomy nowadays. However the loss of depth perception and dexterity remains the drawback of laparoscopy. With the development of robotic surgery, the three-dimension vision and presence of "wrist" motion allowed surgeon to perform more complicated operations in sophisticated manner. Expensive instruments and the need for prolonged time of setup restricted the extensive use of it. Having those considerations in mind, three-dimension (3D) laparoscopy is another possible alternative. With the advancement of technology in 3D vision, it may provide better precision especially in perception of depth and spatial orientation. Dizziness, nausea, headache and ocular fatique are occasional side effects in 3D surgery which created concerns of the surgeons.

There have been studies using standardized tasks shown that 3D laparoscopy will improve the performance in surgeon both objectively and subjectively especially when performing complex task. It was suggested to be able to fasten the learning curve for beginners. The operation time was shorter when laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed using 3D imaging without any major complications encountered.

Yet evidence in the applicability and use in clinical service in gynaecological operations are still inadequate. The investigators would like to evaluate the difference of 2D versus 3D laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy.

Inclusion criteria

• Planned for laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy
• Willing and able to participate after the study has been explained
• Those understand either Cantonese, Putonghua or English

Exclusion criteria

• essential data are missing from the participants records making it impossible to judge treatment outcome.