Rectal Neoplasms Malignant

• Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences — Beijing, Beijing Municipality, China
• Department of General Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical university — Chongqing, Chongqing Municipality, China
• Department of colorectal surgery, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University — Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
• Nanfang Hospital — Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

• Chang Gung Memorial Hospital — Taoyuan, Taiwan

• St. Vincent's Hospital — Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
• Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital — Daegu, Gyeongsangbuk-do, South Korea
• Kyung Hee University Hospital — Seoul, South Korea
• Korea University Anam Hospital — Seoul, South Korea

Not specified

• Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College — Beijing, Beijing Municipality, China
• National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College — Shenzhen, China

• Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College — Beijing, Beijing Municipality, China