YOD-RiSoCo: Social Cognition and Risk-taking Behaviour in Patients with Young-onset Dementia

Inclusion criteria

All subjects

• Sufficient command of the Dutch language
• In possession of a driver's license with any driving experience throughout life
• Age 18 to 65

bvYOD subjects

• Probable diagnosis of young-onset dementia (before 65 years old), confirmed after interdisciplinary consensus meeting in which interviews, neuropsychological examination, neurological and psychiatric assessments, neuro-imaging, blood samples, and in some cases FDG/PIB-PETscans, CSF biomarkers or genetic counseling were discussed.
• Nosological diagnosis of bvFTD or bvAD

Non-bvYOD subjects

• Probable diagnosis of young-onset dementia (before 65 years old), confirmed after interdisciplinary consensus meeting in which interviews, neuropsychological examination, neurological and psychiatric assessments, neuro-imaging, blood samples, and in some cases FDG/PIB-PETscans, CSF biomarkers or genetic counseling were discussed.
• YOD subtypes other dan bvFTD or bvAD, such as amnestic variant AD.

Frontal brain injury subjects

• Neurological patients with frontal brain injury (e.g. traumatic brain injury, stroke or brain tumor patients).

Exclusion criteria

All subjects

• Suffering from severe motion sickness; motion sickness is a risk factor for simulator sickness

YOD subjects:

• Presence of premorbid severe neurological or psychiatric pathology, non-related to dementia.

Frontal brain injury subjects:

• Presence of serious psychiatric disorders or other neurological comorbidities.

Healthy control subjects:

• Presence of serious psychiatric disorders
• History of neurological disorders, which may interfere with cognitive functioning (e.g. recent concussion, previous subarachnoid or intracerebral haemorrhage, intracranial tumours, epilepsy, ischemic stroke).