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NCT Number: NCT06554418

What Works to Prevent Violence Against Women and Girls in Somalia

The Communities Care (CC) program has demonstrated promise in changing harmful social norms associated with Gender-based violence (GBV) and increasing confidence in services for women and girls. Therefore, the study will adapt the existing CC program based on previous learnings with adults and expand programming to include adolescent boys and girls, creating the CC adult and CC adolescent program. The CC program intervention implementation will be led by Comitato Internazionale per lo Sviluppo dei Popoli (CISP) non-Governmental Organization (NGO) in partnership with Somalia Ministry of Education and local Women led Organizations (WLO), public schools and mapped GBV and child protection (CP) service providers in Banadir and Galmudug regions of Somalia.

Johns Hopkins will collaborate with local research colleagues to evaluate the CC adult and CC adolescent program. The study will use a hybrid type 2 effectiveness-implementation design guided by the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework. Quantitative methods will be used to measure outcomes at baseline and endline (24 months post baseline) with adults and adolescents (10 and older) participants in the CC programs in intervention compared to control districts in the two regions (Banadir and Galmudug) in South Central Somalia. Quantitative methods will also be used to measure outcomes with adults and adolescents (10 years and older) community members (members that do not participate in the CC program) in intervention and control districts in the 2 regions at baseline, midline (12-months), endline (24-months) and maintenance (36 months). In addition, quantitative and qualitative methods at midline and endline will be used to measure the CC adult and CC adolescent intervention reach, adoption, implementation and maintenance in intervention districts in the two regions.

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Key information

Conditions

Violence Prevention

Age range

10 year–100 year

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Primary location

CISP Somalia

Mogadishu, Wadajir District, Somalia

Location status: Recruiting

Location contact

Michele Stella

CONTACT

[email protected]

About this study

What Works to Prevent Violence Against Women and Children (FCDO funded) has funded a collaboration between Johns Hopkins and Comitato Internazionale per lo Sviluppo dei Popoli (CISP) NGO in partnership with Somalia Ministry of Education and local researchers and Women led Organizations (WLO) to evaluate the Communities Care (CC) violence prevention intervention with both adults and adolescent in community and school-based settings in two regions of Somalia. The study will use a hybrid type 2 effectiveness-implementation design guided by the RE-AIM framework (e.g., reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation and maintenance). Quantitative methods will be used to measure violence, health and social norms outcomes with adults (18 and older) and adolescents (10 and older) with participants in CC intervention districts and control districts in the two regions (Banadir and Galmudug) in South Central Somalia. Quantitative methods will also be used to measure outcomes with adults and adolescents (10 years and older) community members (members that do not participate in the CC program) in intervention and control districts in the 2 regions at baseline, midline (12-months), endline (24-months) and maintenance (36 months). In addition, quantitative and qualitative methods at midline and endline will be used to measure the CC adult and CC adolescent intervention reach, adoption, implementation and maintenance in intervention districts in the two regions.

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: Yes

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Age 10 years or older
  • Participant in CC adult or CC adolescent program in collaboration with 9 public schools in districts randomized to intervention or control in two regions of Somalia
  • Living/resident of target districts (including internally displaced persons (IDPs) and does not have plans to move/leave the district or surrounding area in the next 12 months (this is critical for the longitudinal data collection with CC program participants)

Exclusion criteria

  • Less than 10 years old
  • Not a participant in CC adult or CC adolescent
  • Not a resident of target districts-

Treatment and study plan

Communities Care

Behavioral

Communities Care is a violence prevention program targeting social norms and behavioral change

Primary outcomes

  1. Cyber-Sexual Harassment survey score

    Time frame: 9 and 12 months

    Adolescent report of experience of peer-to-peer or adult on-line and in-person harassment, Mean scale score ranges from 1 to 5 with higher scores being worse outcome

  2. Peer-to-peer physical and sexual violence in school and community survey score

    Time frame: 9 and 12 months

    Adolescent report of experience of peer to peer violence in schools, Mean scale score ranges from 1 to 5 with higher scores being worse outcome

  3. Harsh punishment in school as assessed by the Parent-Child Conflict Scale adapted for teachers

    Time frame: 9 and 12 months

    Adolescent report of witness or experience harsh punishment in school using the Parent-Child Conflict Tactics Scale adapted for teachers, Mean scale score 1-5, with higher score being worse outcome

  4. Witnessing intimate partner violence (IPV) survey score

    Time frame: 9 and 12 months

    Adolescent report of witnessing IPV in the household, mean scale score ranges from 1 to 5 with higher scores being worse outcome

  5. Harsh Punishment in Household as assessed by the Parent-Child Conflict Scale

    Time frame: 9 and 12 months

    Adolescent report of witness and experience harsh punishment in household using Parent-Child Conflict Tactics Scale, mean scale score ranges from 1 to 5 with higher scores being worse outcome

  6. IPV victimization and/or perpetration as assessed by Somalia National Survey

    Time frame: 9 and 12 months

    Adult report of experience and/or perpetration of IPV, mean scale score ranges from 1 to 5 with higher scores being worse outcome

  7. Use of Harsh Punishment in Household as assessed by the Parent-Child Conflict Tactics Scale

    Time frame: 9 and 12 months

    Adult report of use of harsh punishment, mean scale score ranges from 1 to 5 with higher scores being worse outcome

  8. Non-partner harassment as assessed by the National Somalia Survey

    Time frame: 9 and 12 months

    Adult report of non-partner harassment, mean scale score ranges from 1 to 5 with higher scores being worse outcome

  9. Non-partner physical and/or sexual violence victimization as assessed by the National Somalia Survey

    Time frame: 9 and 12 months

    Adult report of physical and/or sexual violence victimization by non-partner, mean scale score ranges from 1 to 5 with higher scores being worse outcome

Secondary outcomes

  1. Personal Beliefs and Social Norms about Gender Based Violence as assessed by the Social Norms and Beliefs about Gender Based Violence Scale

    Time frame: 9 and 12 months

    Adolescent and adult personal beliefs and social norms about gender based violence, mean scale scores range from 1-5, higher scores being worse outcome

  2. Gender equality survey score

    Time frame: 9 and 12 months

    Adult and adolescent report of equality in access to education, resources and decision making between women/girls and men/boys, mean scale score range from 1-5, higher score is worse outcome

  3. IPV acceptability survey score

    Time frame: 9 and 12 months

    Adult and adolescent report on acceptability of intimate partner violence (IPV), for example, It is justifiable for a husband to hit his wife because she argues with him, it is acceptable for a husband to force his wife to have sex when she does not want to. mean subscale score range from 1-5, higher score is worse outcome

  4. Sexual and reproductive health knowledge and empowerment score

    Time frame: 9 and 12 months

    Adolescent knowledge in the domains of puberty, female genital mutilation (FGM), child marriage, and sexually transmitted infection (STI) and empowerment measured for puberty, child marriage, FGM, PV, and contraception use, mean scale score range from 1-5, higher score is better outcomes

  5. Confidence in service providers (adolescents and adults) score

    Time frame: 9 and 12 months

    Adolescent and adult report on confidence in service providers in responding to gender based violence across several sectors (health care, justice system, elders, psychosocial services and community health workers). Mean scale score range from 1-5, higher score is better outcome

Study contacts

Contact information is provided by the study sponsor or research team.

Nancy Glass, PhD

CONTACT

[email protected]

4432579947

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Johns Hopkins University

Other

Collaborators

  • Comitato Internazionale per los Sviluppo dei Popoli (CISP)

Registry information

Official study title

What Works to Prevent Violence Against Women and Girls: Evaluation of the Communities Care Program in Somalia

Important dates

Study start
2024
Primary completion
2028
Study completion
2029
First posted
Aug 15, 2024
Registry last updated
Feb 13, 2026

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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