Weaning Ventilator Using Heart, Lung And Diaphragm Ultrasound

• Research participants: From March 2024 to March 2026 in the Department of Anesthesia, critical care and pain medicine, Hanoi Medical University Hospital, patients ages over 18 years who will have mechanically ventilated for over 48 h will be recruited. Patients will be excluded if they had a diagnosis of progressive neuromuscular diseases, a history of cardiovascular or respiratory disease who depend on a ventilator at home (COPD, severe bronchial asthma), patients with thoracic surgery and mitral valve surgery. All patients and their families signed informed consents.

• Clinical data collection: Clinical data including gender, age, body mass index, primary disease, length of stay in ICU, duration of mechanical ventilation, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II, Charlson Comorbidity Index, history of surgery/internal diseases will be collected.

• Spontaneous breathing trial (SBT): Patients will be undergone a 60-min SBT when they meet all the readiness weaning criteria with PS 7cmH2O, PEEP 5cmH2O, FiO2 40%. The vital signs, rapid shallow breathing index (RSBI), NIF, P0.1, tidal volume, respiratory rate, arterial blood gases will be recorded at the beginning and at the end of SBT.

GE Logiq P7 (GE Healthcare, USA) and Philips Affiniti 70G (Philips Ultrasound, USA) ultrasound diagnostic instruments will be used in this study. The heart, lung and diagphragm ultrasonic findings will be recorded by the sonographer well trained in point-of-care ultrasound at the begining and at the end of the SBT.

Tracheal extubation is carried out if the patient does not exhibit symptoms of intolerance, indicating that the SBT treatment was successful. In case intolerance symptoms manifest, return to the initially chosen breathing mode (SIMV, A/C) and record the SBT failure.

• Extubation: After successful SBT: proceed with extubation. The patient is given an oxygen mask at 5L/minute. If the patient does not show intolerance symptoms within 48 hours, the extubation is considered successful. If the patient develops one of the intolerance symptoms during this time period, the extubation failure will be recorded and the patients will be reintubated. Record the values of vital signs and arterial blood gas variables every 24, 48 hours after extubation.

Inclusion criteria

• Age >= 18
• The duration of postoperative mechanical ventilation >= 48 hours

Exclusion criteria

• Patient had a diagnosis of progressive neuromuscular diseases
• Patient had a history of cardiovascular or respiratory disease who depend on a ventilator at home (COPD, severe bronchial asthma)
• Patients had thoracic surgery or mitral valve surgery.