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NCT Number: NCT07586280

VR for Cataract Anxiety Lowering Management

Cataract is currently the leading cause of blindness globally, and surgery is the only effective treatment. With the advancement of medical technology, cataract surgery is usually performed under topical anesthesia, which means patients will be awake during the procedure, able to see the light from the surgical lamp and hear the sounds of surgical instruments being operated. Some patients may feel nervous or scared due to unfamiliarity with the surgical process, which may lead to increased blood pressure, rapid heartbeat, and even affect their cooperation during the surgery.

Virtual reality (VR) technology is a new multimedia technology. By wearing VR glasses, patients can immerse themselves in a virtual world and see and hear realistic scenes. Through this study, the investigators aim to investigate whether allowing cataract patients to "experience" a surgical procedure in advance through VR glasses before cataract surgery can help alleviate their nervousness during the actual surgery.

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Key information

Conditions

VR-based Informed Consent Cataract Cataract and IOL Surgery Eye Diseases Lens Diseases

Age range

50 year–80 year

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: No

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

Diagnosed with cataracts in both eyes, and planning to undergo surgical treatment
Voluntarily participate in this trial and sign the informed consent form.

Exclusion criteria

Having any history of previous ophthalmic surgery.
Suffering from severe hearing impairment, unable to comprehend VR video content.
Those who suffer from cognitive dysfunction or mental illness and are unable to cooperate in completing the scale assessment.
Suffering from severe macular diseases, glaucoma, or other ocular diseases that may affect surgery or interfere with the assessment of tension level.
Assessed as intolerant to surface anesthesia surgery.
History of motion sickness, severe vertigo, or intolerance to VR video viewing (such as claustrophobia).
Other situations where the researcher deems the participant unsuitable for participation in this study.

Treatment and study plan

Virtual reality simulation of intraoperative audiovisual experience

Device

This Virtual reality video simulates the audiovisual experience of phacoemulsification (Phaco and IOL) surgery

Other names: VR simulation, VR video

Primary outcomes

Intraoperative anxiety numerical rating scale (NRS)

Time frame: collected immediately after the surgery

Intraoperative participants self-reported anxiety level using numerical rating scale (NRS), from 0 (no anxiety) to 10 (highest anxiety)

Secondary outcomes

HR

Time frame: collected during the surgery

Heart rate at various intraoperative time points (before capsulorhexis, during phacoemulsification, and after intraocular lens implantation).
BP

Time frame: collected during the surgery

Systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure at various intraoperative time points (before capsulorhexis, during phacoemulsification, and after intraocular lens implantation).
Pain Numerical Rating Scale (NRS)

Time frame: collected immediately after the surgery

Intraoperative participants self-reported pain level using numerical rating scale (NRS), from 0 (no pain) to 10 (highest pain)
Cooperation Numerical Rating Scale (NRS)

Time frame: collected immediately after the surgery

The numerical rating scale (NRS) score of patient cooperation level assessed by the surgeon, from 0 (very bad cooperation) to 5 (very good cooperation)

Study contacts

Contact information is provided by the study sponsor or research team.

Peiyao Jin

CONTACT

[email protected]

+8613564534911

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine

Other

Registry information

Official study title

A Non-Randomized Controlled Trial of Virtual Reality Simulation of Intraoperative Audiovisual Experience to Reduce Anxiety in Cataract Surgery Patients

Acronym: VR-CALM

Important dates

Study start: 2026
Primary completion: 2026
Study completion: 2026
First posted: May 14, 2026
Registry last updated: May 14, 2026

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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