Vojta Therapy Versus Conservative Therapy for Patients With Stroke

The Trunk Control Test (TCT) will be used to assess the motor function and control of the trunk in participants. The scale contains 5 task-items, each of them being scored between 0 (unable, needs help), 12 (able but abnormal), or 25 (able, normal). The scoring interval is 0-100, where 100 signify better trunk function, and 0 none.

The Functional Independence Measure (FIM) will be used to assess the level of a participant's functional independence in activities of daily living. The test comprises in 18 items, each of which is assigned against a seven-point ordinal scale, where the higher the score for an item, the more independently the patient is able to perform the tasks assessed by that item. Total scores range from 18 to 126.

The Trunk Impairment Scale (TIS) aims to evaluate the trunk in patients who have suffered a stroke. The scale contains 3 subscales (static, dynamic and coordonation), totalling a number of 17 items. The total score varies from 0 to 23, 0 meaning worse trunk control, and 23 best trunk control.

The PASS scale is used to measure balance and postural control in stroke survivors across lying, sitting and standing positions. The scale contains 3 subscales (lying, sitting, standing), and 12 tasks, with a total score varying between 0 (worse posture) and 36 (better posture).

The BBS scale is used to objectively determine a patient's ability to safely balance during a series of predetermined tasks. The scale contains 14 standardized tasks, scored from 0 (unable), to 4 (independent) for a total of 56 points.

The Barthel Index scale is an ordinal scale which measures a person's ability to complete ADL. The scale evaluates performance in 10 areas, with scores of 0, 5, or 10 for each item. A total score of 0 means total dependence, while 100 means independent.

The NEADL scale is a self-report questionnaire used in rehabilitation especially post-stroke, to measure independence in broader daily tasks beyond basic ones. It scores independence on a scale (0-1 or 0-2 points per item, total max 22) with higher scores indicating greater independence. The scale contains 22 items.

The FAC scale is a 6 point (0-nonfunctional ambulator; 5-ambulator/independent) functional walking test that evaluates ambulation ability, determining how much human support the patient requires when walking. It is not a multi-item questionnaire.

The RMI scale is a quick tool assessing 15 activities, like turning in bed, sitting balance, transfers, etc. often after stroke/head injury. Scoring varies between 0 (unable) and 1 (able), with a maximum score of 15, higher scores indicating better mobility.

The WGS scale is used to monitor the effectiveness of rehabilitation training and the gate problems experienced by the patients after a stroke. With a number of 14 items, the test is generally scored between 1 (normal) and 3 (atypical), with the gait aid item scored 1-5, and knee flexion scored 1-4.

The SIS scale is a patient-reported outcome measure that evaluates the biopsychosocial aspects of life after stroke. The scale contains 59 items regarding daily acitivites, on a 5-point scale for each item, a greater score meaning less dificulty.

The EQ-5D scale is a widely used health questionnaire assessing health-related quality of life, focusing on 5 key areas, with a visual analog scale (VAS). The test contains only 5 items regarding 5 the 5 areas. Scoring for this test is a 5 digit generated code, that is converted into a single utility score (0=death, 1=perfect health).

The SS-QoL scale is a patient-reported tool for assessing health related quality of life in stroke survivors, measuring impacts on daily function, emotions, social roles, and cognition across 12 key domains and 49 items. Scoring for this test varies between 49-245, each item being scored between 1 (total help) and 5 (no help needed).