Virus Transmission to People Recently Bitten or With a History of Monkey Bites "SIMVIR

Nonhuman primates (NHPs) constitute an important reservoir of infectious agents, some of which have emerged in human populations as deadly pathogens. Human exposure to the biological fluids of NHPs - particularly through bites - can result in the transmission of several viruses. Only the rabies virus is currently targeted by post-exposure prophylaxis following an injury caused by an NHP.

Compared to other individuals exposed to nonhuman primates (NHPs), travelers have two unique characteristics. First, they are typically exposed only once to simian infectious agents, in contrast to the repeated exposure experienced by other at-risk groups. If exposure results in an infection event, travelers may spread these infectious agents to geographic areas where they do not normally circulate.

To address the following main objective: to study the prevalence of STLV-1 and SFV infections following a nonhuman primate bite. The study plans to include subjects who have been recently bitten as well as those with a history of nonhuman primate bites. Blood and saliva samples will be collected from the subjects.

Inclusion criteria

• Age ≥ 18 years
• Bite inflicted by an HNP (WHO category 3 level)
• Written informed consent
• Affiliation with a social security scheme (excluding State Medical Aid

Specific criteria for genetic analyses:

• Participant has checked the boxes for participation in the genetic component.

Exclusion criteria

• Patient presenting only with scratches inflicted by a PNH
• Medical management incompatible with the objectives of the study
• Patient who, in the doctor's opinion, is unlikely to comply with the study protocol
• Health conditions are incompatible with the sample collection required by the study
• Patient under legal protection (guardianship or trusteeship)