Virtual Reality for Mindfulness and Anxiety Reduction in Fertility Procedures

Measured using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), which provides a score from 20 to 80. Higher scores indicate more anxiety. Change from baseline to post-procedure will be compared between VR and control groups. Score on STAI (range 20-80)

A 6-tier visual facial anxiety scale used to assess preoperative anxiety. Scores range from 1 (most anxious) to 6 (least anxious). Will be used as an alternative assessment alongside STAI. Visual scale score (1-6)

Pain levels will be assessed using a 10-point Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). Higher scores indicate greater pain. NRS score (0-10)

Total amount of analgesics or anesthetics administered, based on patient record and clinical protocol (measured in mg)

Measured in minutes to determine the duration of post-operative recovery.

10-item emoji-based questionnaire scored from 1-5 or 1-3 per item, depending on the scale used. Total composite score ranges from 10-50 or 10-30. Higher scores indicate greater satisfaction. May be normalized to 0-100%. Unites of measure: Composite score (10-50) or percentage (0-100%)

Duration of patient recovery (minutes)

Subgroup analysis of anxiety reduction by gender (male vs. female). Measured using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), which provides a score from 20 to 80. Higher scores indicate more anxiety. Change from baseline to post-procedure will be compared between VR and control groups. Score on STAI (range 20-80)

Subgroup analysis of primary outcome by procedure type. Measured using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), which provides a score from 20 to 80. Higher scores indicate more anxiety. Change from baseline to post-procedure will be compared between VR and control groups. Score on STAI (range 20-80). Difference in mean STAI score change by procedure.