Using Shared Decision Making to Improve Family Media Use Planning

Perceived Effective Decision Scale: a 4-item measure that assesses parent and teen satisfaction with their family media plan. Responses are measured on a 5-point Likert scale, with higher scores indicating a stronger perception of decision effectiveness.

Decision Uncertainty Scale: a 3-item scale adapted for the intervention and nature of decision designed to measure parent and teen perceptions of uncertainty when making decisions. The items evaluate factors contributing to uncertainty, including difficulty, lack of clarity, and indecision. Responses are recorded on a 5-point Likert scale. Higher scores indicate greater levels of perceived uncertainty, with the third item reverse-scored.

Family Media Planning and Engagement Scale. This scale includes two components, each with 3 items: elements included in plan and engagement with plan. Higher scores indicate more screen media-related elements included in plan and greater teen engagement with plan.

This single-item assesses the degree of involvement teens perceive they had in creating the plan. Response options range from full individual control to full parent parental control, with options capturing varying levels of shared-decision making

3 items from the 2003 PEW Research Center Survey about how often parents and teens have argued in the past 2 weeks about three dimensions of teen screen media use.

Perceived Parental Media Mediation Scale: a 15-item measure adapted for the main types of digital media use addressed in the intervention that assess teen perceptions of restrictive and active parental mediation. Responses are recorded on a 5-point Likert scale; responses to items are added together to create a total score, with higher scores indicating a greater perception of parental media mediation.

Acceptability of Intervention Measure: a 4 item 4 point Likert scale with higher score indicating a higher level of acceptability

Parent and teen self-report of screen media use during a typical weekday and weekend for something other than school or work. Response options range from "I did not use screen media" to "6 or more hours".

Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale: a 6-item measure to assess teen-reported dependence on social media. Each of the 6 items are rated on a 5-point Likert scale, with higher scores indicating a greater risk of social media addiction.

Problematic Media Use Measure - Short Form: a 9-item scale which measures elements of addictive media use among children, including preoccupation, withdrawal, and unsuccessful attempts to control use by parents. Responses are recorded on a 5 point Likert scale with higher scores indicating more problematic media use.

Parent self-report and teen report of parent behavior. A single item question that measures how frequently parents are perceived as being distracted by their smartphones during conversations with their children. It is assessed using a question adapted from a PEW Center questionnaire, asked to both parents and teens. Response options include: often, sometimes, rarely, never distracted, or I/my parent does not have a smartphone.

PedsQL Emotional Health subscale: A 5-item measure that assess emotional health in adolescents, focusing on the frequency of emotions such as sadness, anger, worry, or difficulty sleeping. ) Responses are recorded on a 5-point Likert scale (1=not at all to 5=very much), with higher scores reflecting higher levels of emotional well-being.