Usability of Graphic Medicine in Psychology Education

The User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ) is designed to help people reflect on their feelings, impressions, and attitudes associated with the use of a product. It consists of six scales: Efficiency, Perspicuity, and Dependability (pragmatic dimension); Stimulation and Novelty (hedonic dimension); and Attractiveness. It presents 26 items that are evaluated on a scale ranging from -3 to +3, where -3 indicates the most negative response, 0 a neutral response, and +3 the most positive. The results are grouped around six main dimensions, organized into two broad categories: pragmatic quality (which encompasses aspects related to the usability and functionality of the resource) and hedonic quality (linked to the emotional, motivational, and aesthetic dimensions of the experience) (Schrepp, 2015).

The extent to which participants experienced positive (fun, joy, optimism, confidence, gratitude, calm, wonder, happiness, etc.) and negative (stress, fear, irritability, guilt, shame, sadness, hatred, nervousness, shyness, etc.) emotions scored on Likert scales (1-5).

The level of interest, engagement, and willingness of participants to learn about mental health scored on a Likert scale (1-10).

The level of interest and willingness of participants to read mental health graphic novels before and after the intervention scored on a Likert scale (1-10).

The degree to which participants found graphic novels enjoyable, engaging, and satisfactory on a Likert scale (1-10).

Participants' perceptions of learning effectiveness, empathy, and content retention when using graphic novels compared to traditional learning methods (e.g., lectures) on a Likert scale (1-10).

Changes in participants' understanding and conceptualization of graphic novels as educational resources in the context of mental health (yes/no).

The degree to which participants expressed willingness to borrow graphic novels from the Graphic Psychology section of the university library on a Likert scale (1-10).

The content and format of each graphic novel evaluated on a Likert scale (1 = Does not meet the criterion; 5 = High level of compliance with the criterion) (Escobar-Pérez & Cuervo-Martínez, 2008): a) Comprehensibility: It is presented in a way that the content is easily understood, without confusion or ambiguity; b) Adequacy: It is appropriately tailored to address the selected mental health problem; c) Sufficiency: It includes all essential information to adequately represent the chosen mental health issue; d) Clarity: It is easy to understand, without excessive complexity and using appropriate language; e) Coherence: The narrative and visual elements of the graphic novel remain logical and consistent throughout the story: f) Relevance: The content is directly and significantly linked to the mental health issue addressed; g) Format: The visual structure, typography, and layout of the text in the graphic novel are attractive and functional,.

Open-ended questions: a) Empathy: How did the story make you feel?; b) Application to psychology: How could this content be applied in clinical practice?; c) Visual and narrative representation: What impact have the graphic elements (composition, colors, sizes, facial expressions, etc.) had on your understanding as a reader?