Unmet Needs, Barriers and Facilitators to Vision Services for Children and Adolescents With Special Vision

The research will center on children and adolescents with special visual needs and explore the research questions from various stakeholders' perspectives, including parents, special education teachers and experts, healthcare professionals, workers from related NGOs and government units. A mixed-methods research approach will be used to gather both quantitative and qualitative data. After data analysis, a comparison and interpretation between the two results will be conducted to obtain the final research outcomes.

• Quantitative research: Two-part questionnaire. The first part collects background information, and the second part is a "Needs and Difficulties Survey", framed by Levesque et al.'s conceptual framework of access to healthcare.
• Qualitative research: The first part consists of semi-structured in-depth interviews, and the second part uses the focus group method. Both parts will use a common interview guideline and the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, Child & Youth Version (ICF-CY) as the theoretical framework.

Inclusion criteria

• Able to read, understand, and fill out questionnaires in Chinese
• Able to conduct interviews in Chinese

Exclusion criteria

• The special needs children or adolescents they have taught do not have specific visual needs, hence they cannot provide relevant information.