Understanding the Role of Monoaminergic Neurotransmitters in Cognitive Functions Using Fast-cyclic Voltammetry in Patients With Neurological and Psychiatric Diseases Eligible for Neurosurgical Treatment (COGAMINE)

This study aims at dynamically mapping local variations in the concentrations of monoaminergic neurotransmitters (for e.g. dopamine, serotonin and noradrenaline) in the human brain using fast-scan cyclic voltammetric recordings (FSCV). This study will be carried out on patients with neurological (for e.g. brain cancer, Parkinson disease (PD) or treatment-resistant epilepsy …) or psychiatric (for e.g. Treatment resistant obsessive compulsive disorder, depression, Tourette syndrome …) diseases who are eligible to neurosurgical treatment. Typical neurosurgical treatments non-exhaustively include: (1) deep brain stimulation (DBS) electrode implanted as part of the routine management of their pathology (PD, etc.) or as part of clinical trials (treatment resistant depression, resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder, etc.), as well as on patients whose pathology requires invasive exploration by stereotactic-electroencephalography (S-EEG) for therapeutic purposes, either as part of their routine management or as part of a clinical trial. The aim of this mapping is to assess fluctuations in local concentrations of key monoaminergic neurotransmitters involved in cognitive functions at an individual level, with a high temporal (sub-second) and spatial resolution, as well as a sensitivity, that was previously unattainable with other neuroimaging techniques. The data collected in this study will improve our understanding of the role of monoaminergic neurotransmitters in normal human cognition, as well as their dysfunctions in psychiatric and neurological disorders. These data may guide research into new therapeutic targets for the treatment of these pathologies. This study requires a large cohort of patients to build up the most comprehensive database possible, for which access to the information collected is essential.