Ultrasound-Guided Serratus Anterior Plane Block for Additional Pain Relief After Lung Surgery

Inclusion criteria

• Adult patients ≥ 18 years of age who are capable of giving consent. English language proficiency is required.
• Undergoing elective minimally invasive (VATS or RATS) anatomic lung resection (segmentectomy or lobectomy) without an epidural.

Exclusion criteria

• Pregnancy (Patients must have a negative pregnancy test within 30 days of the operation)
• History of documented anaphylaxis or contraindication to local anesthetics
• History of ipsilateral thoracic surgery. Ipsilateral thoracic surgery indicates any previous thoracoscopic or open (i.e. via thoracotomy) pleural biopsy, lung resection, esophageal surgery, chest wall resection, or other thoracic surgery within the chest cavity. This does not include image-guided lung biopsy. Note: Mediport placement and other procedures performed by a surgeon/proceduralist NOT within the chest cavity are not excluded. Likewise, patients with a history of ipsilateral breast surgery are also not excluded. The purpose is to exclude patients who may have had injury to the intercostal nerves from previous surgery or who have surgically altered anatomy of the hemithorax.
• Patients undergoing bilateral procedures
• Weight < 50 kg
• Chronic sustained-release opioid use for > 2 weeks duration (in the 30 days prior to surgery)
• Significant cognitive impairment or documented psychological impairment
• American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status > 3
• Patients may also be excluded from the study if the block is deemed not technically feasible (this may be determined intraoperatively).