Type 1 Interferon Induced Changes to Exercise Adaptations in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients

Measured by VO2max test

measured by Fatigue Severity Scale Questionnaire (FSS)

Physician evaluated changes in measures of SLE on a scale of 0-105 encompassing symptoms from 9 organs, higher scores indicate increased disease activity.

Patient reported outcome measures (PROMs), Possible scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores representing better health status

Measured by mRNA analysis

Itemized Physician evaluated changes in measures of SLEDAI-2K on a scale from 0-22 that account for partial improvements in condition, higher scores indicate increased disease activity.

Physician evaluated changes in measures of SLE (0-100% of line segment), higher scores equal higher disease activity (worse)

Patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) , higher scores equal higher fatigue (worse)

Patient reported outcome measures (PROMs), higher scores equal more pain (worse)

Patient reported outcome measures (PROMs), Possible scores range from 0 to 33, with higher scores representing more active SLE (worse)

Patient reported outcome measures (PROMs), Possible scores range from 1 to 10, with higher scores representing more active SLE

Measured by Dipstick in a semiquantitive manner with the following categories indicating increased concentration, negative, +/-, 1+, 2+, 3+, 4+.

Measured by DXA Scan - fat(g)

Measured by DXA Scan - fat(%)

Measured by DXA Scan - android fat(g)

Measured by DXA Scan - android fat(%)

Measured by DXA Scan - Gyneoid fat(g)

Measured by DXA Scan - Gyneoid fat(%)

Measured by DXA Scan - Muscle Mass(g)

Measured by DXA Scan - BMD(g/cm^2)

measured with tape measure

Pulmonary function testing, FEV1 volume

Pulmonary function testing, FEV1%

Pulmonary function testing, FVC Volume

Pulmonary function testing FVC%

Pulmonary function testing, FEV1/FVC ratio

Pulmonary function testing, FEV1/FVC ratio %

Pulmonary function testing, TLC Volume

Pulmonary function testing, TLC%

Pulmonary function testing, RV-Volume

Pulmonary function testing, RV%

Pulmonary function testing, AV-Volume

Pulmonary function testing, AV-%

Pulmonary function testing, DLCOc-Volume

Pulmonary function testing, DLCOc-%

Pulmonary function testing, KCO-Volume

Pulmonary function testing, KCO-%

75g of glucose taken while fasting

Measured by Nailfold Capillaroscopy by trained physician (score of 1-4, higher scores equal fewer capillaries)

Measured by Nailfold Capillaroscopy by trained physician - Width Measured in µm

Measured by Nailfold Capillaroscopy by trained physician - Length Measured in µm

Measured by Nailfold Capillaroscopy by trained physician - Avascular Areas (1-4 higher scores indicate more avascular areas)

Measured by Nailfold Capillaroscopy by trained physician - Capillary Disorganization (1-4 higher scores indicate more avascular areas)

Measured by Nailfold Capillaroscopy by trained physician - Microhemorrhages (avg per finger)

Measured by Nailfold Capillaroscopy by trained physician - Bushy Capillaries (average per millimeter)

Measured by Nailfold Capillaroscopy by trained physician - Megacapillaries (average per millimeter)

Measured by Nailfold Capillaroscopy by trained physician - Meandering capillaries (average per millimeter)

Measured by Nailfold Capillaroscopy by trained physician - Tortous capillaries (average per millimeter)

Measured by Nailfold Capillaroscopy by trained physician - Physicians comment

blood samples are collected and processed by a trained laboratory technician and analysed according to standard procedures.monitors (AX3; Axivity, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK) for a 3 to 5 day period

blood samples are collected and processed by a trained laboratory technician and analysed according to standard procedures.monitors (AX3; Axivity, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK) for a 3 to 5 day period

measured by echocardiography

measured by echocardiography

measured by echocardiography

measured by echocardiography

measured by echocardiography

measured by echocardiography (& 82Rb-PET-CT)

Measured by 82Rb-Pet-CT, on a subset of 40 participants

Free-living physical activity is measured using axial accelerometer-based physical activity monitors (AX3; Axivity, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK) for a 3 to 5 day period

Analyzed for HS-CRP

Analyzed for Il-6

Analyzed for soluble Il-6-receptor

Analyzed for Il-1

Analyzed for Il-10

Analyzed for IFNα

Analyzed for IFNγ

Analyzed for hemoglobin

Analyzed for thrombocytes

Analyzed for sodium

Analyzed for potassium

Analyzed for chloride

Analyzed for hematocrit.

Analyzed for ferritin

Analyzed for Leukocyte Differential

Measured by mRNA analysis on PBMCs

Measured by mRNA analysis

Measured by mRNA analysis

Measured by mRNA analysis on PBMCs

Patient Reported by dietary diary

Patient Reported by dietary diary

Patient Reported by dietary diary

Patient Reported by dietary diary

Patient Reported by dietary diary

Optional for Participants: mRNA expression of genes related to TNF, IL-6, IFN alpha, beta and Gamma signalling

Optional for Participants: NF-κB p65 DNA binding activity (ELISA), phosphorylated and total JNK, phosphorylated AMPK (p-AMPK) total AMPK (Western blotting).

Optional for Participants: NF-κB p65 DNA binding activity (ELISA) & NF-κB binding activity (Western blotting).

Optional for Participants: phosphorylated and total JNK,

Optional for Participants: phosphorylated AMPK (p-AMPK) total AMPK (Western blotting).

Resting heart rate measured by R-R intervals on 1-lead ECG

Rise from supine ratio of R-R intervals on 1-lead ECG

Expiration/Inspiration ratio of R-R intervals on 1-lead ECG

Valsalva Maneuver ratio of R-R intervals on 1-lead ECG