Major adverse event is defined as:
All-cause death; Q-wave MI; cardiac event involving arrest, resuscitation, or balloon pump; ventilation > 72 hours or re-intubation; pulmonary event requiring tracheostomy or chest tube; renal failure requiring permanent dialysis, hemofiltration, or kidney transplant in a patient with a normal pre-procedure serum creatinine level; bowel resection; stroke; paralysis; amputation involving more than toes; aneurysm or vessel leak requiring re-operation; deep vein thrombosis requiring surgical or lytic therapy; pulmonary embolism involving hemodynamic instability or surgery; coagulopathy requiring surgery; or wound complication requiring return to the operating room.