Turkish Version of the Worry About Pain Questionnaire

The Worry About Pain Questionnaire will be used to evaluate participants' pain-related anxiety levels. Worry About Pain Questionnaire is a Likert-type survey consisting of a total of 15 items. Each question in the survey is scored from 0 (never) to 10 (always). Questions 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12 assess the impact of worrying about pain. Questions 3, 9, 13, 14, 15 assess concern about the ability to manage pain.

Fear of Pain Scale III, which is used to evaluate the participants' fear of pain, consists of a total of 30 items. A Turkish validity and reliability study was conducted by Ünver et al. in 2018.

The McGill Pain Scale Short Form combines the features of the standard McGill Pain Questionnaire and is used to evaluate pain caused by chronic cancer pain, chronic back pain, fibromyalgia syndrome, osteoarthritis pain, neuropathic pain, mastalgia and rheumatoid arthritis. Turkish validity and reliability study was conducted by Yakut et al. in 2007.

Pressure algometer (dolorimeter) will be used to evaluate sensitivity to pain and determine pressure perception. Pressure algometers have proven useful in assessing fibrositis and hypersensitive points, trigger points, arthritis activation, and visceral pain-pressure sensitivity. For this reason, in our study, the pain pressure threshold will be determined from the trigger points in the upper, middle and lower fibers of the trapezius muscle.

Beck Depression Inventory, which is among the most used scales to measure depression all over the world, consists of a total of 21 questions. Each item receives points between 0-3. 11-17 points indicate mild depression, 18-29 points indicate moderate depression, and 30-63 points indicate severe depression. The scale is one of the most widely used depression scales in clinics in Turkey.

Beck Anxiety Inventory, which is used to evaluate the anxiety symptoms experienced by individuals due to social isolation, consists of 21 items and is scored between 0-3. 0-21 points indicate low anxiety, 22-35 points indicate moderate anxiety, and 36 points and above indicate high anxiety.

The Nottingham Health Profile was developed in England in 1985 to evaluate the health-related quality of life in individuals and has been translated into many languages. The Nottingham Health Profile is a general quality of life survey that evaluates individuals' health problems and the extent to which the problems affect their daily living activities. In 2000, its Turkish validity and reliability were tested in patients with osteoarthritis by Küçükdeveci et al. Nottingham Health Profile Survey consists of a total of 38 questions and 6 subheadings. Subheadings were classified as energy (3 items), social isolation (5 items), pain (8 items), sleep (5 items), physical activity (8 items) and emotional reactions (9 items). The answers to the questions are defined as Yes/No. Each subheading is scored between 0-100. A high total score indicates poor health status.

Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index is a scale that provides information about sleep quality and the type and severity of sleep disturbance in the last month. In this scale, the person's sleep quality; Sleep latency is evaluated by sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep disturbance, use of sleeping pills, and daytime dysfunction. The Turkish validity and reliability study of the scale was conducted by Ağargün et al. Each survey question is given a score of 0-3, with higher scores reflecting poor sleep quality. If the total score obtained from the scale is less than 5, it is defined as 'Good sleep quality', and if it is 5 or above, it is defined as 'Bad sleep quality'.

Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale is a 17-question scale developed to measure the fear of movement/re-injury. The scale includes injury/re-injury and fear-avoidance parameters in work-related activities. A Turkish validity and reliability study was conducted by Yılmaz et al. in 2011.