Skip to main content
OpenTrials
Completed

NCT Number: NCT01383005

Treatment Perception of QD (Once a Day) Dosed Kaletra (Tablets)

Both twice-a-day (BID) and once-a-day (QD) dosing are approved in Europe for the protease inhibitor lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r; Kaletra®).

Since once-a-day dosing is actually a driver for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients to request a specific antiretroviral, the aim of this study is to assess both patient's perception of and adherence to Kaletra once-a-day, as well as with which factors they are related.

Completed

Looking for future studies?

Notify Me

Key information

Conditions

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Behavior Blood-Borne Infections Communicable Diseases Genital Diseases HIV Infections Health Behavior Immune System Diseases Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes Infections Lentivirus Infections RNA Virus Infections Retroviridae Infections Sexually Transmitted Diseases Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Viral Slow Virus Diseases Treatment Adherence and Compliance Urogenital Diseases Virus Diseases

Age range

18 year and older

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Observational

Primary location

Site Ref # / Investigator 52274, A Coruña, Spain

Loading trial locations.

About this study

This is a multicenter, post-marketing, observational, cross-sectional (single visit) study in HIV-infected patients treated with a combination of antiretroviral treatment (ART) containing LPV/r 200/50 mg tablets dosed QD for at least 12 weeks to assess the participants' satisfaction and adherence level with LPV/r QD ART as measured by specific validated participant questionnaires.

As this is a non-interventional study, the decision to enroll a participant was separate from the decision to treat the subject with LPV/r. Prescription of LPV/r and duration of treatment were the responsibility of the treating physician.

In addition, the overall study population was compared to Cohort 2 (394 patients on LPV/r BID for ≥3 months to <2 years) from KAPITAL2, a post-marketing observational, cross-sectional, single visit, multicenter, national study. For further details on this study, please see: Casado JL, Griffa L, Cabrero E, Burgos A, Norton M and the KAPITAL 2 Collaborative Group. A study of treatment satisfaction reported by patients on lopinavir/r anchored regimens and physicians who provide HIV care (KAPITAL 2). 9th International Congress on Drug Therapy in HIV Infection. 9th International Congress on Drug Therapy in HIV Infection. Glasgow, 2008.#P080.

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: No

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Men or women aged 18 years or older, HIV-infected.
  • Patients who were under LPV/r Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART) for 3 to 24 months before study visit:

Cohort 1: patients on LPV/r QD since they started the LPV/r regimen and who were naïve to protease inhibitor (PI) therapy.* Cohort 2: patients who previously started on LPV/r BID (maximum of 24 months before study) and switched to LPV/r QD (at least 3 months before the study visit).*

  • Patients who were able to complete questionnaires by themselves.
  • Patients who signed/dated informed consent to participate in the study.
  • NOTE: Patients who were taking LPV/r QD should have had no more than 3 protease inhibitor mutations by the time the treatment with this LPV/r dosing was initiated.

Exclusion criteria

  • Patients who were on LPV/r monotherapy or bi-therapy or on BID dosing at time of study visit.
  • Patients who were using another LPV/r formulation different from 200/50 LPV/r mg tablets.
  • Patients who were participating in any other clinical trial or postmarketing observational study (PMOS).
  • Patients who were unable to read and/or write.
  • Patients who were under treatment interruption. Patients who have stopped LPV-therapy for more than 3 months in the 12 months preceding study visit.

Treatment and study plan

Primary outcomes

  1. Human Immunodeficiency Virus Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (HIVTSQ) Individual Item Scores for the Overall Study Population

    Time frame: At the single study visit, performed after at least 12 weeks of treatment with Kaletra QD

    Participant treatment satisfaction was measured using the HIVTSQ, which consists of 10 items (1-Satisfaction, 2-HIV Control, 3-Adverse Effects, 4-Level of Demand, 5-Convenience, 6-Flexibility, 7-Knowledge, 8-Life Habits, 9-Recommendability, and 10-Willingness to Continue). Items are scored from 0 (very dissatisfied) to 6 (very satisfied), other than item 4, which has an inverted score from 6 (very demanding) to 0 (very undemanding). Each single item was considered for the evaluation of the primary outcome.

  2. Human Immunodeficiency Virus Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (HIVTSQ)Dimension (Overall Satisfaction, General/Clinical Satisfaction, Lifestyle) Scores for the Overall Study Population

    Time frame: At the single study visit, performed after at least 12 weeks of treatment with Kaletra QD

    The HIVTSQ consists of 10 items (1-Satisfaction, 2-HIV Control, 3-Adverse Effects, 4-Level of Demand, 5-Convenience, 6-Flexibility, 7-Knowledge, 8-Life Habits, 9-Recommendability, and 10-Willingness to Continue). Items are scored from 0 (very dissatisfied) to 6 (very satisfied), other than item 4, which has an inverted score from 6 (very demanding) to 0 (very undemanding). The items are aggregated to 3 different dimensions: the Overall Satisfaction dimension, with a maximum score of 54 (items 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10); General/Clinical Satisfaction dimension, with a maximum score of 30 (items 1, 2, 3, 9 and 10); Lifestyle dimension, with a maximum score of 24 (items 5, 6, 7 and 8). Each dimension was considered for the evaluation of the primary outcome. For each participant, each dimension score was calculated as a sum of the individual item scores.

Secondary outcomes

  1. Human Immunodeficiency Virus Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (HIVTSQ) Individual Item Scores Comparison Between Cohorts

    Time frame: At the single study visit, performed after at least 12 weeks of treatment with Kaletra QD

    The HIVTSQ consists of 10 items (1-Satisfaction, 2-HIV Control, 3-Adverse Effects, 4-Level of Demand, 5-Convenience, 6-Flexibility, 7-Knowledge, 8-Life Habits, 9-Recommendability, and 10-Willingness to Continue). Items are scored from 0 (very dissatisfied) to 6 (very satisfied), other than item 4, which has an inverted score from 6 (very demanding) to 0 (very undemanding). The mean score per item was compared between cohorts.

  2. Human Immunodeficiency Virus Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (HIVTSQ) Dimension (Overall Satisfaction, General/Clinical Satisfaction, Lifestyle) Scores Comparison Between Cohorts

    Time frame: At the single study visit, performed after at least 12 weeks of treatment with Kaletra QD

    The HIVTSQ consists of 10 items (1-Satisfaction, 2-HIV Control, 3-Adverse Effects, 4-Level of Demand, 5-Convenience, 6-Flexibility, 7-Knowledge, 8-Life Habits, 9-Recommendability, and 10-Willingness to Continue). Items are scored from 0 (very dissatisfied) to 6 (very satisfied), other than item 4, which has an inverted score from 6 (very demanding) to 0 (very undemanding). The items are aggregated to 3 different dimensions: the Overall Satisfaction dimension, with a maximum score of 54 (items 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10); General/Clinical Satisfaction dimension, with a maximum score of 30 (items 1, 2, 3, 9 and 10); Lifestyle dimension, with a maximum score of 24 (items 5, 6, 7 and 8). The mean score per dimension was compared between cohorts.

  3. Number of Days Without Medication, Per Simplified Medication Adherence Questionnaire (SMAQ)

    Time frame: At the single study visit, performed after at least 12 weeks of treatment with Kaletra QD

    Number of days without medication was assessed by 1 of the 6 items on the patient questionnaire Simplified Medication Adherence Questionnaire (SMAQ): How many full days have you missed your medication since your last visit? (Please see Outcome Measure 6 for details regarding the remaining 5 items on the SMAQ.)

  4. Adherence Classification of Participants Per Simplified Medication Adherence Questionnaire (SMAQ)

    Time frame: At the single study visit, performed after at least 12 weeks of treatment with Kaletra QD

    Participants' adherence was classified according to answers for 5 of 6 items on the participant questionnaire Simplified Medication Adherence Questionnaire (SMAQ): 4 yes/no questions: Do you ever forget to take your medicines? Do you take your medicines at the instructed time? If you ever feel ill, do you stop taking the medication? Have you ever missed your medication during weekends?; plus the following: In the past week, how many times have you missed your medication? (0, 1-2, 3-5, 6-10, >10). (Please see Outcome Measure 5 for details regarding the 6th item on the SMAQ.) Perfect adherence = no dose was forgotten, medication was not skipped for any reason, and the schedule was not modified; adequate adherence = no dose was forgotten, but at least one dose was not taken at the indicated time; poor adherence = one or more doses were not taken.

  5. Reasons for Starting or Switching to a Lopinavir/Ritonavir Once Daily (LPV/r QD)Regimen

    Time frame: At the single study visit, performed after at least 12 weeks of treatment with Kaletra QD

    Participants' cumulative reasons for starting or switching to a LPV/r QD regimen were tabulated via the following yes/no questions entered on the case report form by the physician: simplification (simp) as reason to change to LPV/r QD; preference (pref) of patient as reason to change to LPV/r QD; adjustment to other antiretrovirals (adjust to ARV) as reason to change to LPV/r QD; adherence as reason to change to LPV/r QD; patient's lifestyle as reason to change to LPV/r QD; tolerability as reason to change to LPV/r QD.

  6. Percentage of Participants With a Human Immunodeficiency Virus Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (HIVTSQ) Overall Satisfaction Dimension Mean Score Value of ≥5 and <5

    Time frame: At the single study visit, performed after at least 12 weeks of treatment with Kaletra QD

    The HIVTSQ consists of 10 items (1-Satisfaction, 2-HIV Control, 3-Adverse Effects, 4-Level of Demand, 5-Convenience, 6-Flexibility, 7-Knowledge, 8-Life Habits, 9-Recommendability, and 10-Willingness to Continue). Items are scored from 0 (very dissatisfied) to 6 (very satisfied), other than item 4, which has an inverted score from 6 (very demanding) to 0 (very undemanding). The items are aggregated to 3 different dimensions. The Overall Satisfaction dimension has a maximum score of 54 (items 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10). The mean of the individual item scores were dichotomized as 'mean score <5 (lower participant perception of LPV/r QD)' and 'mean score ≥5 (high or very high participant perception of LPV/r QD).' The dependent variable of a mean score <5 was correlated with the independent variables of viral load and time on treatment (see Outcome Measures 9 and 10), to determine the factors associated with a participant's lower perception of QD LPV/r treatment.

  7. Viral Load (VL) Change After at Least 12 Weeks of Treatment With the Lopinavir/Ritonavir (LPV/r)

    Time frame: At the single study visit, performed after at least 12 weeks of treatment with Kaletra QD

    Viral load change was categorized as either 'detectable to undetectable,' 'undetectable to undetectable,' or 'current detectable' (includes participants whose viral load changed from undetectable to detectable and those whose viral load was detectable throughout). This independent variable was correlated with the percentage of participants with the dependent variable of a Human Immunodeficiency Virus Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (HIVTSQ) Overall Satisfaction dimension mean score value of <5 (see Outcome Measure 8), to determine the factors associated with a participant's lower perception of QD LPV/r treatment (see statistical analyses for odds ratio).

  8. Mean Number of Days on LPV/r QD

    Time frame: At the single study visit, performed after at least 12 weeks of treatment with Kaletra QD

    This independent variable was correlated with the percentage of participants with the dependent variable of an HIVTSQ Overall Satisfaction dimension mean score value of <5 (see Outcome Measure 8), to determine the factors associated with a participant's lower perception of QD LPV/r treatment (see statistical analysis for odds ratio).

  9. Comparison of Mean Human Immunodeficiency Virus Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (HIVTSQ) Dimension Scores From QD-KAPITAL and KAPITAL2 Studies

    Time frame: at the single study visit, performed after at least 12 weeks of treatment with Kaletra

    Participants' perceptions of the QD and BID LPV/r regimens using data from the overall study population of QD-KAPITAL and from Cohort 2 of a 2007-2008 study, respectively (KAPITAL2, Casado et al. See Detailed Description for full reference). The KAPITAL2 cohort was comprised of HIV-infected participants treated with LPV/r BID from ≥3 months to <2 years for at least 1 month before inclusion in the study. Data for the overall study population of QD-KAPITAL are provided here, but a comparison to Cohort 2 from the KAPITAL2 study is not presented.

  10. Percentage of Participants With Missing Doses During "the Past 4 Days" and "the Last Weekend" in KAPITAL-2 and QD-KAPITAL Studies

    Time frame: at the single study visit, performed after at least 12 weeks of treatment with Kaletra

    Adherence to LPV/r QD therapy (overall study population of QD-KAPITAL) compared with that of LPV/r BID therapy using data of Cohort 2 from a 2007-2008 study, respectively (KAPITAL2, Casado et al. See Detailed Description for full reference). The KAPITAL2 cohort was comprised of HIV-infected participants treated with LPV/r BID from ≥3 months to <2 years for at least 1 month before inclusion in the study. (A full comparison of the adherence between the QD-KAPITAL study and the KAPITAL2 study could not be made due to formal differences in the applied adherence questionnaires; therefore, the above in-common specified item was compared.) Data for the overall study population of QD-KAPITAL are provided here, but a comparison to Cohort 2 from the KAPITAL2 study is not presented.

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

AbbVie (prior sponsor, Abbott)

Industry

Collaborators

  • Triaca Magna, SA

Registry information

Official study title

Treatment Perception of QD Dosed Kaletra (Tablets) Based Treatment in HIV Infected Patients. Observational Cross-Sectional Study (QD-KAPITAL)

Acronym: QD-Kapital

Important dates

Study start
2011
Primary completion
2011
Study completion
2011
First posted
Jun 28, 2011
Registry last updated
May 6, 2013

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

Related clinical trials

Published trials that share one or more normalized conditions with this study.