Treatment of Facial Flushing With Botulinum Toxin A Injections

Inclusion criteria

• Patients 18-65 years of age with persistent facial flushing
• Willing and have the ability to understand and provide informed consent for participation in the study and are able to communicate with the study staff.

Exclusion criteria

• Unable to understand the protocol or give informed consent
• Younger than 18 or older than 65 years of age
• Females who are pregnant or lactating
• Known hypersensitivity to BTX-A
• Subjects using medications that interfere with neuromuscular functions (such as aminoglycoside antibiotics)
• Subjects who have a history of congestive heart failure, carcinoid syndrome, mastocystosis, or renal cell carcinoma
• Botulinum toxin injections in the past 6 months
• Ablative laser procedure in the past 6 months
• Radiofrequency device treatment in the past 6 months
• Ultrasound device treatment in the past 6 months
• Medium to deep chemical peel in the past 6 months
• Temporary soft tissue augmentation material in the area to be treated in the past year
• Semi-permanent soft tissue augmentation material in the area to be treated in the past 2 years
• Permanent soft tissue augmentation material in the area to be treated
• Is planning to receive within the next 6 months, any cosmetic procedure (such as any chemical peels, botulinum toxin injections, ablative or non-ablative laser procedures, filler injections, radiofrequency procedures, dermabrasion, ultrasound and face lifting procedures) in the forehead or glabellar region.
• Is planning to use tretinoin or retinoic acid in the next 6 months
• Has an active infection in the forehead or glabellar region (excluding mild acne)
• Is allergic to cow's milk protein
• Is allergic to albumin
• Is currently using anticoagulation therapy
• Has a history of bleeding disorders