Tough Talks: A Disclosure Intervention for HIV+ Young Men Who Have Sex With Men (YMSM)

Chart review or drawn for study. Viral load suppression will be defined as HIV RNA < lower limit of detection as per the laboratory at each clinical site.

Number of participants at month 6 with >/= 1 act of condomless anal intercourse with a partner who is not known to be HIV-positive within the last 3 months.

Measured using the Intention to Disclose scale which asks a single item: "I plan on telling my HIV status to all of my new partners before we have sex" and is rated using a 5-point Likert-type response scale. Scores range from 1 to 5 where '1' is "Strongly agree" and '5' is "Strongly disagree. "Lower scores indicate increased intention to disclose.

Measure of perceived ability to disclose HIV-seropositive status to casual sex partners in six scenarios. Scores were summed with higher scores indicating increased perceived ability to disclose. Six Questions were asked using a 5 point Likert Scale: 1=Absolutely sure I cannot; 2=Somewhat sure I cannot; 3=Not sure; 4=Somewhat sure I can; and 5=Absolutely sure I can. Scores range from 6-30.

Measure of a participant's perceived negative consequences of disclosing of their HIV status to a partner (e.g., "Relationship would get bad", "Person would not want to be around me"), with higher scores indicating higher perceived negative consequences of disclosure. Eight Questions rated using a 4-point Likert Scale 1=Strongly disagree 2=Disagree 3=Agree 4=Strongly Agree. Scores range from 8 to 32.

Measure of a participant's perceived positive consequences of disclosing of their HIV status to a partner (e.g., "Keep them safe from HIV", "Improve the relationship"), with higher scores indicating higher perceived positive consequences of disclosure. Ten Questions rated using a 4-point Likert Scale 1=Strongly disagree; 2=Disagree; 3=Agree; and 4=Strongly Agree. Scores range from 10-40.

Measured using a single question: "How many of your immediate family members are not aware of your HIV status but to whom you want to disclose?" and rated using a 5-point Likert Scale: 1=None; 2=Some, but less than half; 3=About half; 4=More than half; and 5=All. Scores range from 1 to 5 with lower scores indicating increased disclosure behaviors.

Measured using a single question: "How many of your peers are not aware of your HIV status but to whom you want to disclose?" and rated using a 5-point Likert Scale: 1=None; 2=Some, but less than half; 3=About half; 4=More than half; and 5=All. Scores range from 1 to 5 with lower scores indicating increased disclosure behaviors.

Measured using a single question: "How many of your current and past sexual partners are not aware of your HIV status but to whom you want to disclose?" and rated using a 5-point Likert Scale: 1=None; 2=Some, but less than half; 3=About half; 4=More than half; and 5=All. Scores range from 1 to 5 with lower scores indicating increased disclosure behaviors.

Measure of how a participant anticipates their behavior impacts their feelings or assessment of HIV protective behaviors. Higher scores indicate a more favorable/stronger evaluation/endorsement of HIV protective behaviors. Participant's self-evaluation based on six questions using a 5-point Likert scale (1, strongly disagree to 5, strongly agree) ranging from 5 to 30.

Measure of how a participant anticipates their behavior impacts their feelings or assessment of sexual pleasure or sensuality. Lower scores indicate a more favorable/stronger evaluation/endorsement of HIV protective behaviors. Participant's self-evaluation based on three questions using a 5-point Likert scale (1, strongly disagree to 5, strongly agree) ranging from 3 to 15.