Topical Hyaluronic Acid and Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis.

Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is a common and widely recognized disorder involving the oral mucosa. It occurs typically as a single or multiple well-defined painful self-limiting ulcerative lesions influencing the nonkeratinized oral mucous membrane surrounded by red halo. The prevalence of RAS is up to 25% in the world population, with recurrence rate of 50% every 3 mouths. The exact cause of RAS is uncertain, and accordingly numerous components are as yet being implicated such as genetic, hormonal, traumatic, nutritional, allergic, immunological, and psychological factors.

Inclusion criteria

The inclusion criteria were as follows:

• Age 18-30 years.
• Minimum of 2 years of RAS history, with active ulcer less than 48 hours of recurrent aphthous stomatitis.

Exclusion criteria

• known history of hypersensitivities to Chlorhexidine or hyaluronic acid.
• Use of any medication as a treatment for the present active ulcer.
• Smoking and presence of systemic diseases such as Behçet disease, anemia, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, acquired immune deficiency syndrome, and liver or kidney disease.
• Pregnant or breast-feeding women.
• Stomach ulcer, duodenal ulcer, and inflammation of the stomach or the esophagus.
• Treatment with systemic nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, systemic steroids or other immune modulatory agents, oral antihistamines, or systemic antibiotics in the previous 3 months.