Topical Dexamethasone, Ascorbic Acid, and BGP for Enhancing Implant Osseointegration

This randomized clinical trial was conducted to investigate the effect of the topical application of a combination of dexamethasone, ascorbic acid, and β-sodium glycerophosphate on the osseointegration of dental implants. The rationale behind the study was based on existing evidence suggesting that these agents may enhance bone healing, reduce inflammation, and support mineralization when applied locally.

Each participant received two dental implants: one designated as the intervention site (treated with the topical combination of the three agents at the time of implant placement), and the other as the control site (placed without any topical application). This split-mouth design allowed intra-individual comparison, minimizing the influence of patient-related variability.

Implant stability was assessed using resonance frequency analysis (RFA) at four follow-up intervals to evaluate differences in osseointegration between the two sites. The study aimed to determine whether the adjunctive use of these agents could improve early implant stability, potentially contributing to more predictable outcomes in dental implantology.

No investigational drugs or devices were used beyond standard clinical tools. The study was approved by a local ethics committee, and informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to enrollment.

Inclusion criteria

• Provided a written informed consent prior to initiation of any study procedures.
• Was able to understand and agrees to comply with planned study procedures and be available for all study visits.
• Agreed to undergo cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging.
• Was a male or non-pregnant female, >/= to 18 years of age at the time of enrollment.
• Was in good general health, free medical diseases.
• Had two hopeless teeth for minimum required extraction for the purpose of implant-supported restorations.

Exclusion criteria

• Was undergoing chronic treatment with any medication known to affect oral status and bone turnover.
• Had a contraindication for surgical treatment.
• Was suffering from a known psychological disorder.