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NCT Number: NCT07626164

Three Photobiomodulation Wavelengths (635, 940, and 1064 nm) on Chronic Myogenic Temporomandibular Disorder

Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are among the most common musculoskeletal conditions associated with chronic orofacial pain and functional disability. Chronic Myogenic TMD (MTMD) is the most prevalent subtype and is characterized by persistent masticatory muscle pain driven by peripheral and central sensitization mechanisms. Photobiomodulation (PBM) represents a conservative, non-invasive therapeutic modality within the medical management of TMD; however, the wavelength-dependent clinical and muscular effects remain inadequately defined. Aim: To compare the efficacy of three PBM wavelengths (635, 940, 1,064 nm) on pain intensity, mandibular function, surface electromyographic activity (sEMG), and pressure pain threshold (PPT) in patients with chronic myogenic TMD.

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Key information

Conditions

Temporomandibular Disorders Craniomandibular Disorders Jaw Diseases Joint Diseases Mandibular Diseases Muscular Diseases Musculoskeletal Diseases Stomatognathic Diseases Temporomandibular Joint Disorders

Age range

20 year–50 year

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Primary location

Outpatient Clinic of Oral medicine Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Egypt

Alexandria, Egypt

Location contact

Ahmed Shafik, BDS

PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Faculty of Dentistry

CONTACT

(203) 4868308

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: No

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Patients suffering from chronic myogenic TMD based on diagnostic criteria for diagnosis of temporomandibular joint disorders (DC/TMD) criteria. (pain increases with jaw opening, chewing, or clenching).
  • Patients suffering of unilateral or bilateral chronic pain (> 3 months' duration) related to masseter and temporalis muscles(30).
  • Patients suffering of moderate-to-severe pain intensity ≥ 4 on a 0-10 VAS
  • Patients that have not responded to conservative modes of treatment during the study and up to 3 months after last intervention. (medications, physiotherapy, splints).

Exclusion criteria

  • Patients suffering from chronic systematic conditions that alter pain sensitivity; neurological diseases, pain of dental origin, pregnancy or lactation, high blood pressure, diabetes milletus, rheumatic inflammatory disease, fibromyalgia, obstructive sleep apnea, and restrictions for the use of laser (pacemakers).
  • Participants on medications that affect pain sensitivity and perception during the last 2 weeks: anticoagulants, analgesics, or antidepressants.
  • History of surgery, arthropathy (joint disorders), facial trauma, malignant tumors or fractures in the orofacial region, neuropsychological or hormonal problems
  • Treatments: orthodontics, splints, major occlusal rehabilitation, prosthodontic therapy, previous PBM, TENS therapy, or botox for TMD in the last 6 months.

Treatment and study plan

635 nm red diode laser

Other

Participants will receive PBM therapy using a 635 nm red diode laser (Lasotronix), standardized at a fluence of 8 J/cm² for energy density and Irradiance of 0.50 W/cm² power density in continuous wave using PBM applicator (8mm tip) for 16 seconds, near-contact working distance.

940 nm NIR diode laser (Biolase)

Other

Participants will receive PBM therapy using a 940 nm NIR diode laser (Biolase), standardized at a fluence of 8 J/cm² and Irradiance of 0.63 W/cm² power density in continuous wave using deep tissue handpiece (10mm tip) for 12.8 seconds.

1064 nm Nd:YAG laser (Fotona)

Other

Participants will receive PBM therapy using a 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser (Fotona), standardized at a fluence of 8 J/cm² energy density and Irradiance 0.53 W/cm² power density, using a genova handpiece (11mm tip) stamping technique for 15.2 sec.

Primary outcomes

  1. Change in subjective Pain Intensity

    Time frame: up to 12 weeks

    It will be assessed using both visual analog scale (VAS) at baseline, 7,14,21 days, and 4, 12 weeks

Secondary outcomes

  1. Change in maximum mouth opening

    Time frame: up to 12 weeks

    Functional maximum mouth opening (MMO) unassisted and in the pain-free opening range (PFO) by digital caliper at baseline, 7,14,21 days, and 4, 12 weeks.

  2. Change in muscles activity

    Time frame: up to 12 weeks

    Surface electromyography (sEMG) activity during rest and maximum voluntary clenching (MVC) activity using surface electrodes

  3. Change in Number of tender points

    Time frame: up to 12 weeks

    by palpation pressure of muscles

  4. Change in pressure pain threshold

    Time frame: up to 12 weeks

    Pressure pain threshold (PPT) over the most tender point of the masseter and temporalis muscles by a pressure algometer (PA) to measure the degree of tenderness over the most tender points at the muscles

Study contacts

Contact information is provided by the study sponsor or research team.

Ahmed Shafik, BDS

CONTACT

[email protected]

01275607044 ext. 002

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Alexandria University

Other

Registry information

Official study title

Efficacy of Three Photobiomodulation Wavelengths (635, 940, and 1064 nm) on Chronic Myogenic Temporomandibular Disorder A Randomized Clinical Trial

Important dates

Study start
2026
Primary completion
2026
Study completion
2026
First posted
Jun 4, 2026
Registry last updated
Jun 4, 2026

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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