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NCT Number: NCT06978686

The Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of the BBAQ

The Barriers to Being Active Quiz (BBAQ) was originally developed in English to identify barriers to physical activity. This study aims to translate and cross-culturally adapt the BBAQ into Turkish (BBAQ-T) and evaluate its psychometric properties.

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Key information

Conditions

Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice Behavior Motor Activity Physical Inactivity Sedentary Behavior

Age range

18 year–35 year

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Observational

Primary location

İstanbul Medeniyet University, Kartal, Istanbul, Turkey (Türkiye)

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About this study

The study involves the translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the BBAQ into Turkish and the assessment of its reliability and validity. A total of 210 healthy participants will be recruited. The adaptation process will follow a standardized back-translation method using two bilingual translators. A pilot study (n=15) will assess face validity, including linguistic clarity, conceptual relevance, and administration time. To evaluate test-retest reliability, participants will complete the BBAQ-T again within 5-7 days after the initial assessment. Internal consistency will be analyzed using Cronbach's alpha (α). Construct validity will be examined by correlating the BBAQ-T with the Turkish versions of the Self-Perceived Barriers for Physical Activity Questionnaire and the Short Form-12 (SF-12).

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: Yes

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Aged 18 years or older
  • Ability to read and write in Turkish
  • No visual or hearing impairments that would interfere with participation
  • Ability to follow simple instructions
  • Willingness to participate in the study

Exclusion criteria

  • Diagnosis of rheumatological conditions that may limit physical activity and are characterized by chronic inflammation and/or joint deformities (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, psoriatic arthritis)
  • Physical limitations due to neurological or orthopedic conditions (e.g., stroke, cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis, limb amputation, or orthopedic surgery within the past six months)
  • History of psychiatric disorders that may impair cognitive functioning (e.g., schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, severe depression, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder)
  • Presence of any cognitive impairment

Treatment and study plan

Primary outcomes

  1. Barriers to Being Active Quiz

    Time frame: Baseline (First assessment)

    The Barriers to Being Active Quiz (BBAQ) is a 21-item questionnaire originally developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to identify perceived barriers to physical activity. Items are rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale ranging from 0 (very unlikely) to 3 (very likely). The scale includes seven sub-dimensions: lack of time, social influences, lack of energy, lack of willpower, fear of injury, lack of skills, and lack of resources. A subscale score of 5 or higher indicates a significant barrier in that domain. In this study, the BBAQ will be translated and cross-culturally adapted into Turkish following standardized guidelines.

Secondary outcomes

  1. Barriers to Being Active Quiz

    Time frame: Within a 5-to-7-day period after the first assessment (Second assessment)

    The Barriers to Being Active Quiz (BBAQ) is a 21-item questionnaire originally developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to identify perceived barriers to physical activity. Items are rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale ranging from 0 (very unlikely) to 3 (very likely). The scale includes seven sub-dimensions: lack of time, social influences, lack of energy, lack of willpower, fear of injury, lack of skills, and lack of resources. A subscale score of 5 or higher indicates a significant barrier in that domain. In this study, the BBAQ will be translated and cross-culturally adapted into Turkish following standardized guidelines

  2. Self-Perceived Barriers for Physical Activity Questionnaire

    Time frame: Baseline (First assessment)

    This self-report instrument evaluates individuals' perceived obstacles to physical activity across personal, social, and environmental domains. It has been validated in Turkish and is used in this study to assess the convergent validity of the BBAQ-T. Participants rate the degree to which each item is a barrier to their physical activity.

  3. Short Form-12

    Time frame: Baseline (First assessment)

    The SF-12 is a widely used instrument that assesses health-related quality of life. It provides two summary scores: the Physical Component Summary (PCS) and the Mental Component Summary (MCS). The Turkish version has been validated and will be used to further support the construct validity of the BBAQ-T by evaluating correlations with general health status

Study contacts

Contact information is provided by the study sponsor or research team.

EMEL METE, PhD

CONTACT

[email protected]

+905376096265

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Istanbul Medeniyet University

Other

Registry information

Official study title

The Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of the Barriers to Being Active Quiz

Important dates

Study start
2025
Primary completion
2025
Study completion
2025
First posted
May 18, 2025
Registry last updated
Jun 18, 2025

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

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This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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