The Use of Virtual Reality During Breast Ultrasound-Guided Biopsy Procedures

Pain Measured with the Visual Analog Scale. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) is a measurement instrument that tries to measure a characteristic or attitude that is believed to range across a continuum of values and cannot easily be directly measured. The individual will score their pain level by circling a number 0 - 10 both pre-operative and post-operatively. The scale range includes 0-10 scales, with < 2 =well controlled, 2 - 5: partly controlled, > 5: uncontrolled.

The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory uses a 4 point Likert scale to assess how much worry, tension or apprehension the subject experiences in his or her present circumstances (state anxiety) and how much anxiety represent a personality characteristic (trait anxiety). Items emphasize the frequency of particular symptoms (ranging from 1 = not at all to 4 = very much). The range of possible scores for form Y of the STAI varies from a minimum score of 20 to a maximum score of 80 on both the STAI-T and STAI-S subscales. STAI scores are commonly classified as "no or low anxiety" (20-37), "moderate anxiety" (38-44), and "high anxiety" (45-80).

Patients in both groups will be asked to rate their satisfaction with their procedures using a five point likert scale (ranging from 1 = definitely disagree to 5 = definitely agree).

Empatica E4 watch is a wearable device that collects real-time physiological data. This wristband is equipped with photoplethysmogram sensors for computing Heart Rate (HR). Heart rate will be reported in beats per minute (bpm).

Empatica E4 watch is a wearable device that collects real-time physiological data. The photoplethysmogram sensor from the watch will measure temperature. Temperature will be reported in degrees Celsius.

Empatica E4 watch is a wearable device that collects real-time physiological data. The photoplethysmogram sensor from the watch will measure variation of volume of arterial blood under the skin resulting from the heart cycle computing Blood Volume Pulse (BVP). Blood Volume Pulse will be measured in beats min-1.

The Empatica E4 watch is a wearable device that collects real-time physiological data. The photoplethysmogram skin electrodes from the watch will capture the Galvanic Skin Response (GSR), also named Electrodermal Activity (EDA) and Skin Conductance (SC) or the measure of the continuous variations in the electrical characteristics of the skin. GSR will be reported in units of micro-Siemens (μS).