The Use of Nanoparticles to Guide the Surgical Treatment of Prostate Cancer

Inclusion criteria

Primary RP + PLND

• Age ≥18 years
• Patients meeting one of the following criteria:

• Tumor clinical stage T3a or higher
• Gleason score 8-10, or
• PSA level > 20 ng/mL
• Patients deemed fit for surgery on the basis of preoperative evaluation at the physician's discretion
• Patient is scheduled for standard of care laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (with or without robotic assistance)

Salvage PLND

• Age ≥18 years
• Patients with presence of suspicious lymph node on CT or MRI (of a pelvic node => 10mm in short axis or a node with abnormal morphology such as roundness irregularity or loss of fatty hilum, or PSMA-avid on PSMA PET imaging
• Patients deemed fit for surgery on the basis of preoperative evaluation at the physician's discretion
• Patient is scheduled for standard of care salvage pelvic lymph node dissection (with or without robotic assistance)

Exclusion criteria

• Contraindications to standard-of-care MR imaging (e.g., metal implants, claustrophobia)
• Prior androgen-deprivation therapy for prostate cancer (N/A for Salvage PLND)
• Prior pelvic radiotherapy (N/A for Salvage PLND )
• Medical illness unrelated to the tumor that, in the opinion of the attending physician and principal investigator, will preclude administration of the tracer

°This includes patients with uncontrolled infection, chronic renal insufficiency (EGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73m2), myocardial infarction within the past 6 months, unstable angina, cardiac arrhythmias other than chronic atrial fibrillation and chronic active or persistent hepatitis, or New York Heart Association Classification III or IV heart disease

• Weight greater than the 400-lb weight limit of the PET scanner
• Unmanageable claustrophobia
• Inability to lie in the scanner for 30 min