The "SPARCOL" Study

Validated to measure recovery after surgery and general anesthesia, and additionally validated for use in Danish language and culture. The scale is arbitrary and ranges from 0 to 150. Higher scores means better recovery. The established minimum clinically important difference in QoR-15 is 8.0, and the SD of QoR- 15 scores after major surgery is in the order of 16.

The 30 Second Sit to Stand Test. A measurement that assesses functional lower extremity strength in older adults. Test result is the number of times the participant comes to a full standing position in 30 seconds. Higher number of stands within 30 seconds means better result.

Six minutes' walk test is a submaximal exercise test that entails measurement of distance walked over a span of 6 minutes.

EORTC C30, questionnaire, developed to assess the quality of life of cancer patients. All of the scales and single-item measures range in score from 0 to 100. Higher score for the functioning scales and global health status denote a better level of functioning (i.e. a better state of the patient), while higher scores on the symptom and single-item scales indicate a higher level of symptoms (i.e. a worse state of the patient).

EORTC CRC questionnaire, developed to assess the quality of life of cancer patients. All of the scales and single-item measures range in score from 0 to 100. Higher score for the functioning scales and global health status denote a better level of functioning (i.e. a better state of the patient), while higher scores on the symptom and single-item scales indicate a higher level of symptoms (i.e. a worse state of the patient).

The G-8 Score is a screening tool containing 8 questions. The total G-8 score lies between 0 and 17. A higher score indicates a better health status.

Duration of surgery in minutes

Blood loss in ml

Descriptive registration of intraoperative complications;

Conversion rate (%) from laparoscopic surgery to open surgery

R0 (tumor-free margin >1 mm) corresponds to resection for cure or complete remission. R1 to microscopic residual tumor, R2 to macroscopic residual tumor.

Assessment of histopathological risk factor defined as presence of at least one of the risk factors: Kikuchi level ≥sm2, vascular invasion, lymphatic invasion, poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, and tumour budding BD2-3.

Time from surgery until the recurrence of disease or death

Overall survival was defined as the time elapsed from the date of surgery to the last day of follow-up or the date of death

Locoregional and/or distant recurrence after surgery defined as any histological, morphological, and clinical evidence of tumour growth during follow-up periode

Grading system used in surgery for grading adverse events (i.e. complications) which occur as a result of surgical procedures. Grade I to V, where V is death of the patient

e Comprehensive Complication Index (CCI®) reflects the gravity of this overall complication burden on the patient on a scale from 0 (no complication) to 100 (death)

Clinical metric that measures the length of time in days elapsed between a patient's hospital admittance and discharge.

Death within 90 days after surgery, as either an inpatient or outpatient

Unplanned readmissions that happen within 3 days of discharge from the index (i.e., initial) admission

Rate in percent of performed secondary surgery after primary CELS resection