The Role of AAT After Abdominal Surgery Based on RWS

The clinical total effective rate of ear acupuncture treatment for postoperative DGE in the abdomen, including Whipple surgery, pancreatectomy, and subtotal gastrectomy.

Efficacy evaluation criteria: Measure the subjective symptom score (Gastroparesis Cardinal Symptom Index, GCSI score) of patients with gastroparesis on the third day after surgery, and calculate the clinical efficacy index of ear acupuncture treatment using the following formula (efficacy index=[(total score of symptoms before treatment - total score of symptoms after treatment) ÷ total score of symptoms before treatment × 100%]). Among them, significant effect: efficacy index>75%; Effective: Efficacy index of 25% to 75%; Invalid: Efficacy index<25%. Total effective rate=(number of significantly effective cases+number of effective cases)/total number of cases x 100%.

This scale was used to evaluate the anxiety of patients before surgery. This scale evaluates some of the patient's conditions regarding the operation, and then, based on the actual situation during the days of hospitalization, selects the appropriate option among 5 options, circling the corresponding numbers. The higher the score, the more severe the patient's preoperative anxiety level.

To accommodate the short treatment duration and unique ward environment of hospitalized patients, this study modified the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to develop an adapted version (M-PSQI) for short-term sleep assessment. The scale consists of 24 items (19 self-rated + 5 caregiver-rated), with scoring based on the 19 self-rated items, which assess the following dimensions:

• Sleep Process Metrics: Sleep latency, total sleep duration, wake time
• Sleep Disturbance Manifestations: Difficulty falling asleep, nocturnal awakening frequency, environmental/physiological sleep disruptions
• Subjective Sleep Quality: Patients' overall evaluation of sleep quality
• Medication Use: Frequency of sedative-hypnotic drug use
• Daytime Functional Impairment: Difficulty maintaining wakefulness, reduced task performance efficiency The scale adopts a 7-factor structure, with each factor scored on a 0-3 scale. The total score ranges from 0 to 21, with higher scores indicating more severe sleep

The Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) was used to comprehensively evaluate the baseline anxiety levels of patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) before surgery.

Key Features of the SAS:

Assessment Period: The scale assesses the patient's anxiety levels over the past week.

Scoring Method: Forward-scoring items: Responses A, B, C, and D are scored as 1, 2, 3, and 4 points, respectively. Reverse-scoring items: Responses are scored as 4, 3, 2, and 1 points, respectively. The reverse-scored items are 5, 9, 13, 17, and 19 (highlighted in bold in the table below).All other items are forward-scored.

Score Calculation and Interpretation: The raw score is obtained by summing the scores of all 20 items. The raw score is then multiplied by 1.25 and rounded to the nearest whole number to derive the standard score. The cutoff value for anxiety is 50. Higher scores indicate more pronounced anxiety tendencies.

50-59: Mild anxiety 60-69: Moderate anxiety 70 and above: Severe anxiety.

The Visual Analogue Scale for Satisfaction (VAS-Satisfaction) is a simple, validated tool used to measure a patient's subjective satisfaction with their pre-operative preparation. It consists of a 100-mm horizontal line anchored by two extreme statements: Left anchor (0 mm): "Not satisfied at all"; Right anchor (100 mm): "Completely satisfied".

The patient marks a point on the line corresponding to their level of satisfaction with the pre-operative process (This includes the information provided before surgery, the attitude of the medical staff, the arrangement of the preoperative process, and the overall experience of preoperative preparation). The score is quantified by measuring the distance (in mm) from the left anchor to the patient's mark, yielding a numerical value between 0 (lowest satisfaction) and 100 (highest satisfaction).

The Visual Analogue Pain Score (VAS-Pain) is a tool used to quantify a patient's subjective pain intensity using a straight line of 100 millimeters (10 cm) with two ends representing "no pain" and "most severe pain", and the patient assesses their pain level by marking their position on the straight line.