The Relation Between the Prognosis of Subthalamic Nucleus Deep Brain Stimulation Surgery by Microlesion Effect and Electrode Position

Based on the improvement rate of short-term postoperative MDS UPDRS-III scores compared with baseline MDS UPDRS-III scores, three subgroups were divided within each cohort into the <20% group, the 20%-40% group, and the >40% group. General statistical analyses of MDS UPDRS-III scores were performed for each subgroup within each cohort, and the mean and standard deviation were calculated. Pearson correlation coefficient analysis was performed on the MDS UPDRS-III score data. Data on MDS UPDRS-III scores of different subgroups within different cohorts were normalized to include short-term postoperative MDS UPDRS-III scores as an independent variable and postoperative post-start-up MDS UPDRS-III scores as a dependent variable, and to include baseline period, postoperative post-start-up, postoperative 6-months, and 12-months MDS UPDRS-III score as a covariate, ANCOVA was performed to observe the differences and correlations of each data node.

Electrode position reconstruction was performed on all subject imaging data. Improvement rates and mean improvement rates were calculated for MDS UPDRS-III scores in the short-term postoperative period, after postoperative start-up, and at 6 and 12 months postoperatively compared to baseline. MLE regional analyses were performed for each subgroup within each cohort, electrode position efficacy heat maps were calculated, and the heat maps were qualitatively analyzed to discuss the relationship between electrode position and efficacy.

Improvement rates within the cohort were calculated and analyzed with general statistics for short-term postoperative, postoperative boot-up, and postoperative 6-month and 12-month comparisons of baseline MDS UPDRS-III scores, and the mean and standard deviation of the improvement rates within the cohort for postoperative boot-up, and postoperative 6-month and 12-month comparisons of baseline PDQ-39 scores were calculated. Differences in improvement rate mean at each time point within the cohort were compared, and linear regression analyses of improvement rates were performed to qualitatively analyze the relationship between short-term postoperative outcomes and long-term postoperative outcomes after postoperative start-up and postoperatively.

General statistical analyses of MDS UPDRS-III scores within the cohort, subgroups within the cohort, and subgroups within the subgroups and improvement rates compared to baseline were performed to compare the differences in data between cohorts, subgroups, and subgroups within the cohort, and Pearson's correlation analysis, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and qualitative analyses were used to look at the efficacy of postoperative MLE.