The Prevalence of Malnutrition and Sarcopenia in Swiss Rehabilitation Settings

The risk for malnutrition will be screened by the Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS-2002, in points). NRS has a scale from 0 to 7 points; higher points indicate a higher risk for malnutrition.

(in kg)

(in cm)

(calculated by weight and height in kg/m2)

Weight loss (in percent in six categories - <5 percent within the last 6 months, 5-10 percent within the last 6 months, >10 percent within the last 6 months; <10 percent in more than 6 months, 10 -20 percent in more than 6 months, >20 percent in more than 6 months)

Reduced energy intake (in percent of intake versus requirement in three categories: less than 50 percent of energy requirement covered for more than 1 week, any reduced energy intake versus requirement for >2 weeks, no reduced energy intake)

Resistance (in Ohm) and Reactance (in Ohm)

Resistance (in Ohm) and Reactance (in Ohm) measured with BIA are combined with further information on weight, height, sex and age to calculate the appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (in kg/m2)

In case of positive screening, diagnosis of malnutrition will be confirmed and severity assessed according to the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria using the following measures described above: weight (in kg); height (in cm); Body Mass Index (calculated by weight and height in kg/m2); weight loss (in percent in six categories - <5 percent within the last 6 months, 5-10 percent within the last 6 months, >10 percent within the last 6 months; <10 percent in more than 6 months, 10 -20 percent in more than 6 months, >20 percent in more than 6 months); reduced energy intake (in percent of intake versus requirement in three categories: less than 50 percent of energy requirement covered for more than 1 week, any reduced energy intake versus requirement for >2 weeks, no reduced energy intake); Bioelectrical impedance analysis for muscle mass: resistance (in Ohm), reactance (in Ohm), Appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (in kg/m2)

Overall prevalence of malnutrition will be reported in percent

according to European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2) criteria. Screening will be performed by the Strength, assistance with walking, rising from a chair, climbing stairs, and falls (SARC-F) questionnaire (in points). SARC-F has a scale from 0 - 10 with higher score indicating higher risk for sarcopenia.

according to European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2) criteria. Screening will be performed by handgrip strength (in kPa)

according to European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2) criteria. Screening will be performed by Chair Stand Test (in seconds)

In case of positive screening, muscle mass will be measured by BIA via resistance (in Ohm), reactance (in Ohm). Resistance (in Ohm) and Reactance (in Ohm) measured by BIA is combined with further information on weight, height, sex and age to calculate the appendicular skeletal muscle mass index in kg/m2. Diagnosis is confirmed if the appendicular skeletal muscle mass index is below a threshold (<7.0 kg/m2 for male and < 5.5. kg/m2 for female).

In case of positive screening, severity of sarcopenia will be analysed by Timed Up and Go Test (in seconds).

Overall prevalence of sarcopenia will be reported in percent

Handgrip strength (in kPa)

body weight (in kg)

BMI (calculated in kg/m2)

Functional Independence Measure (FIM) (in points). FIM has a scale from 18 to 126 points. Higher points indicate a higher independence for activities of daily living.