The Neighborhood & Health Study

Healthy eating will be measured by the Mediterranean Eating Pattern for Americans - 16 items scale. Score ranges from 0 to 16. Higher scores indicate healthy eating patterns.

Physical activity will be measured through calculating moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), light, moderate, and vigorous physical activity (LMVPA), walking, and sedentary behavior using data from an accelerometer worn by participants for 7 days

Height and weight will be measured by research staff and BMI will be calculated.

Blood pressure will be measured by research staff using an Omron sphygmomanometer. Measured in units of millimeters of mercury (mmHg).

Hemoglobin A1c will be measured by research staff using a CardioChek Plus machine that measures glucose in their blood. Hemoglobin A1c is measured in milligrams (mg) per deciliter (dL) of blood.

Social connectedness will be measured by the Brief Sense of Community Scale. Scores range from 8 to 40. Higher scores indicate more social connectedness.

Total physical activity (MET-min/wk) will be assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire short form (IPAQ-long)

Dermal carotenoids will be measured by research staff using a Veggie Meter machine, which scans a participant's finger to measure carotenoids or how many fruits and vegetables someone eats. Scores from 0 to 800. Higher scores indicate higher levels of carotenoids.

Lipids will be measured by research staff using a CardioChek Plus machine that measures lipids in blood. Triglycerides will be measured in milligrams (mg) of triglycerides per deciliter (dL) of blood. LDL/HDL cholesterol will be measured in milligrams of LDL/HDL cholesterol per deciliter (dL) of blood. Total Cholesterol is measured in milligrams (mg) of cholesterol per deciliter (dL) of blood.

Total Healthy Eating Index (HEI) score will be calculated from a single 24-hour recall collected via the Automated Self-Administered 24-hour Dietary Assessment Tool (ASA24). Score ranges from 0 to 100. Higher scores indicate better diet.

Total fruit intake (cups/day) will be measured using a LS7 item.

Total vegetable intake (cups/day) will be measured using a LS7 item.

Whole grain consumption (servings/day) will be assessed using an LS7 item.

Fiber intake (g/day) will be assessed using the NHANES Dietary Screener Questionnaire (DSQ).

Whether or not a participant met the recommendation for fish consumption will be assessed using an LS7 item.

Frequency of ultra-processed foods consumption (times/month) will be assessed using a 9-item questionnaire adapted from the DSQ and the Beverage and Snack Questionnaire (BSQ2).

Total red and processed meat consumption (g/week) will be estimated using the DSQ.

Alcohol consumption (drinks/day) will be assessed using a 2-item questionnaire adapted from the Alcohol Use Disorders Screening Test (AUDIT).

American Heart Association's Life's Simple 7 (LS7) score is a composite of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors (physical activity, eating habits, smoking status, cholesterol, glucose, body mass index (BMI), and blood pressure). Score ranges from 0 to 14. Higher scores indicate better health.

WCRF/AICR recommendation adherence score is a composite of seven items listed above: BMI, physical activity, fiber intake, fruit and vegetable consumption, processed food consumption, red meat consumption, and alcohol consumption. Scores range from 0 to 7. Higher scores indicate greater adherence to the recommendations.

American Heart Association's Life's Essential 8 (LE8) score is a composite of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors (physical activity, eating habits, smoking status, sleep, cholesterol, glucose, body mass index (BMI), and blood pressure). Score ranges from 0 to 100. Higher scores indicate better health.

The community food environment, including store access and shopping behaviors, will be assessed by two items from the Perceived Nutrition Environment Measures Survey. Scores range from 2 to 10. Higher scores indicate a more diverse community food environment

Perceived stress will be assessed by the Perceived Stress Scale. Scores range from 0 to 40. Higher scores indicate more perceived stress.

Types of gardening and where fruits and vegetables are obtained will be assessed using multiple choice questions.

Sense of community will be assessed using the Collective Efficacy scale. Scores range from 5 to 25. Higher scores indicate greater sense of community.

Nature exposure will be assessed by modified questions from the People and Nature Survey for England for American audiences. Multiple choice questions assess how much time is spent in nature and what type of natural spaces individuals visit. An additional multiple-choice item from the Nature of Americans survey will be used to identify how much time is spent in nature recreationally and for work in a typical week in hours.

Positive and negative affect will be assessed by the Positive and Negative Affect Scale. Scores range from 10 to 50 for each positive and negative affect. Higher scores indicate more positive or negative affect.

Community social cohesion will be assessed by the social cohesion sub-scale of the Mujahid et al. Neighborhood Environment Scale (NES). Scores range from 1 to 5. Higher scores indicate greater social cohesion.

Transportation used to obtain food will be assessed by a single categorical item.

Distance to utilized food resources will be measured in miles.

Number of utilized food resources will be measured by a multiple choice item.

Transportation used to access the physical activity resources will be assessed by a single categorical item.

Distance to utilized physical activity resources will be measured in miles.

Number of utilized physical activity resources will be measured by a multiple choice item.

Loneliness and social isolation will be assessed by the UCLA Loneliness Scale. Scores range from 20 to 80. Higher scores indicate more loneliness and social isolation.

Functional health will be assessed by the Quality Metric's MOS Short Form - 36 Version 2. 10 items will be used with scores range from 0 to 20. Higher scores indicate higher functional health.

Total fruit intake (cups/day) will be measured using a 24-hour recall.

Total vegetable intake (cups/day) will be measured using a 24-hour recall.

Whole grain consumption (servings/day) will be assessed using a 24-hour recall.

Fiber intake (g/day) will be assessed using a 24-hour recall.

Total red and processed meat consumption (g/week) will be estimated using a 24-hour recall.

Alcohol consumption (drinks/day) will be assessed using a 24-hour recall.

Frequency of ultra-processed foods consumption (times/month) will be assessed using a 24-hour recall.