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NCT Number: NCT04344301

The Impact of Sharing Audio Recorded Clinic Visits on Self-management in Older Adults

The investigators will conduct a multi-site, two-arm, parallel-group, patient-randomized, blocked, controlled, pilot trial with a 3-month follow up in older adults (≥65 years) with diabetes and hypertension. Participants will be randomized to receive AUDIO recordings of their clinic visits (AUDIO) in addition to After Visit Summary (AVS), or their AVS alone (Usual Care (UC). The investigators will recruit 90 adults (30 per site) over the targeted recruitment period of approximately 6 months. The primary outcome of interest is the feasibility of the trial and acceptability of the AUDIO intervention. The investigators will also explore the impact of AUDIO on patients' ability to self-manage care (as well as other exploratory health-related outcomes and healthcare utilization) at regular intervals from enrollment (T1 = 1 week, T2 = 3 months) compared to baseline (T0 = pre-visit) and usual care. The investigators will recruit patients from consented clinicians at three sites: Dartmouth-Hitchcock Primary Care (D-H; Manchester, NH), Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC; Nashville, TN), and University of Texas Medical Branch, (UTMB; Galveston, TX).

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Key information

Conditions

Diabetes Mellitus Cardiovascular Diseases Endocrine System Diseases Glucose Metabolism Disorders Hypertension Metabolic Diseases Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases Vascular Diseases

Age range

65 year and older

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Primary location

Dartmouth-Hitchcock Manchester, Manchester, New Hampshire, United States

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About this study

Up to eighty percent of clinic visit information is forgotten by patients immediately post-visit. This is a significant barrier to self-management, especially in older adults with multimorbidity leading to poor health outcomes. After visit summaries (AVS) can improve recall, yet concerns exist about their layout, accuracy and low patient uptake. Patients and clinicians have begun audio recording clinic visits. When patients receive an audio recording of the visit, 71% listen and 68% share it with a caregiver, resulting in greater recall. Despite its growing use, to date, there is no research on the impact of recording and sharing clinic visits of patient self-management ability, health-related outcomes or healthcare utilization. The objective of this proposal is to conduct a multi-site pilot trial evaluating the feasibility and acceptability of routinely sharing audio recordings of clinic visits (AUDIO) in older adults (≥65 years) with diabetes and hypertension.

Conduct a multi-site, two-arm, parallel-group, patient-randomized, blocked, controlled, pilot trial with 3-month follow up, to determine the feasibility and acceptability of sharing audio recordings of clinic visits (AUDIO) on self-management in older adults with diabetes and hypertension, compared to the after visit written summary (AVS) alone (Usual Care). Investigators will determine:

1.1 Feasibility of a larger trial by meeting recruitment targets at each site (n=30 per site; total n=90) and determining the optimal strategy to achieve a high retention rate and adherence to the study protocol.

1.2 Acceptability by assessing the proportion of patients and clinicians who agree to take part in the project and the proportion of patients who listen to the recording.

1.3 Potential effectiveness by collecting data on the impact of audio recordings on self-management, health-related outcomes, healthcare utilization, and clinician behavior. Investigators hypothesize that compared to those receiving UC, patients randomized to also receive audio recordings (AUDIO) of clinic visits will report a greater self-management activation (Patient Activation Measure - Short Form) at 3 months. Investigators will also explore whether the effect of AUDIO on self-management activation compared to UC is greater for patients with low health literacy than those with high health literacy.

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: No

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Aim 1 Inclusion Criteria

  • Age 65 years or older
  • Diagnosed with diabetes mellitus (Type 1 or 2) and hypertension, and receiving medication for both
  • Are patients of clinicians at the study clinic
  • Have had one or more clinic visits in the previous seven months
  • Plan on receiving care at the study clinic for the next six months

Exclusion criteria

  • Without the capacity to provide informed consent
  • Diagnosis of dementia
  • Diagnosis of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders
  • Current substance-abuse use disorder
  • Diagnosis of an uncorrectable hearing or visual impairment, with no adjustments to support accessing the interventions or surveys
  • Six item screener of cognitive function score 4 or less
  • Living in a skilled nursing home or hospice
  • Have audio-recorded a clinic visit for personal use within the past six months
  • Do not have a personal email, do not have an email address shared with a family member or patient-identified caregiver, and/or are not willing to create an email account between the first contact from the study team and the initiation of online recording software registration

Treatment and study plan

Audio Recording

Other

The investigators will audio record the visits of patients in the intervention group. An RA will enter the exam room and begin the recording with the patient's permission. The patient and clinician can choose to stop or start the recording at any time. Once the visit is complete, the RA will enter the room, turn off the recording, and bring the patient to a private room where the RA will follow standardized instructions demonstrating how to access recordings. Patient access to recordings will be possible via a secure web-based platform. Patients will also receive reminders to listen to their recordings.

Primary outcomes

  1. Participant Retention (Feasibility)

    Time frame: 3 months from baseline

    The proportion of included participants completing the 3-month (T2) follow up assessment.

  2. Intervention Fidelity (Feasibility)

    Time frame: 3 months from baseline

    The proportion of participants in the intervention arm that received the audio recording intervention with full adherence to a pre-defined protocol fidelity checklist. Any deviations will be documented.

  3. Feasibility of Intervention Measure (FIM)

    Time frame: 3 months from baseline

    The FIM is a four-item patient-reported measure of intervention feasibility. Each item is scored from 1 (completely disagree) to 5 (completely agree), with a higher score indicating greater feasibility. We consider a score of ≥ 3 or higher to indicate the acceptable Feasibility of the intervention. We report the proportion of patients in the Intervention arm who scored ≥ 3.

  4. Participant Recruitment Rate (Acceptability)

    Time frame: Baseline

    We considered our trial to be acceptable to patients if we could meet recruitment targets at each site of 30 patients. We also calculated our recruitment rate based on the number of potentially eligible patients contacted.

  5. Intervention Use (Acceptability)

    Time frame: 3 months from baseline

    The proportion of participants in the intervention arm that listen to the recordings received during the study period.

  6. Acceptability of Intervention Measure (AIM)

    Time frame: 3 months from baseline

    The AIM is a four-item patient-reported measure of intervention acceptability. Each item is scored from 1 (completely disagree) to 5 (completely agree), with a higher score indicating greater acceptability. We consider a score of ≥ 3 or higher to indicate adequate acceptability of the intervention. We report the proportion of patients in the Intervention arm who scored ≥ 3.

Other outcomes

  1. Patient Activation Measure-Short Form (PAM-SF)

    Time frame: 3-Months from enrollment

    The Patient Activation Measure-Short Form is a 13-item patient reported measure. Scores range from 0 (low activation) to 100 (high activation).

  2. Interpersonal Processes of Care Scale (IPC)

    Time frame: 1-Week from baseline visit

    Interpersonal Processes of Care Scale is an 18-item patient-reported measure assessing 7 sub-domains of interpersonal communication (Hurried communication; Elicited concerns, responded; Explained results, medications; Patient-centered decision making; Compassionate, respectful; Discrimination; Disrespectful office staff ). Direction of scoring: All scales are scored so that higher scores indicate higher frequency of the labeled interpersonal process. Thus, higher scores sometimes indicate better processes (e.g., decided together) and sometimes worse processes (e.g., lack of clarity). Calculating scores: All IPC items use an identical set of response options: 1='never'; 2='rarely'; 3='sometimes'; 4='usually'; 5='always.' Scale scores are calculated as the mean of non-missing responses to the corresponding items (i.e., item responses are averaged). Thus, scores have a possible range of 1-5 and can be calculated for an individual if at least one item per scale has a valid response.

  3. Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire-18 (PSQ-18)

    Time frame: Baseline,1-Week, and 3-Months from enrollment

    Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire-18 is a patient reported measure of satisfaction with seven dimensions: general satisfaction; technical quality; interpersonal manner; communication; financial aspects; time spent with doctor; accessibility and convenience. Responses are on a 5-point scale (Strongly agree - strongly disagree). Scores are averaged between 1 - 5; items 1,2,3,5,6,8,11,15,18 should be reversed scored i.e., 1 to 5, 2 to 4, 4 to 2, 5 to 1. Higher agreement reflects higher satisfaction with care.

  4. Medical Outcomes Study General Adherence Measure

    Time frame: 3-Months from enrollment

    The Medical Outcomes Study General Adherence measure, is a five-item patient reported measure of general treatment adherence.

  5. Adherence to Refills and Medications (ARMS- 7)

    Time frame: 3-Months from enrollment

    Adherence to Refills and Medications is a Seven-item patient reported measure of medication adherence.

  6. Global PROMIS-10

    Time frame: 3-Months from enrollment

    Global PROMIS (Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System) is a 10-item patient reported measure with two domains: mental and physical health.

  7. EURO-QoL (EQ-5D)

    Time frame: Baseline,1-Week, and 3-Months from enrollment

    EURO-QOL is patient reported measure of quality of life (QOL) that can be calculated using responses to Global PROMIS.

  8. Primary Care Contact, ER Visits & Hospitalization

    Time frame: 3-Months from enrollment

    Information on primary care contacts (phone calls, visits), ER visits & hospitalization will be collected via EMR. Baseline assessment will calculate primary care contacts, ER visits & hospitalization for each participant.

  9. Quality of Diabetes and Hypertension Care

    Time frame: 3-Months from enrollment

    Information on quality of diabetes and hypertension, including referrals to specialists and intensification of medication therapy, will be collected via EMR.

  10. Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ- 8)

    Time frame: Baseline,1-Week, and 3-Months from enrollment

    The eight-item depression scale PHQ-8 is a patient-reported multipurpose instrument to diagnose and measure the severity of depression. Scores range from 0 (no symptoms) - 24 (severe symptoms).

  11. Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7)

    Time frame: 3-Months from enrollment

    The seven-item GAD-7 is a patient reported measure assessing severity of anxiety.

  12. Comprehensive Diabetes Stigma Scale (CDSS-15)

    Time frame: Baseline,1-Week, and 3-Months from enrollment

    The comprehensive diabetes stigma scale (CDSS-15) is a validated 15-item assessment of diabetes-related stigma.

  13. Stigma Scale for Chronic Illness (SSCI-8)

    Time frame: Baseline,1-Week, and 3-Months from enrollment

    The Stigma Scale for Chronic Illness (SSCI-8) is validated, eight-item assessment of stigma related to chronic disease.

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center

Other

Collaborators

  • Dartmouth College
  • National Institute on Aging (NIA)
  • National Institutes of Health (NIH)
  • The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston
  • Vanderbilt University Medical Center

Registry information

Official study title

The Impact of Sharing Audio Recorded Clinic Visits on Self-management in Older Adults: a Multi-site Trial

Important dates

Study start
2020
Primary completion
2022
Study completion
2022
First posted
Apr 14, 2020
Registry last updated
Jul 18, 2025

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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