The Impact of Oral Glutathione on Oxidative Damage and Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Patients

This trial aims to assess the effectiveness of L-glutathione, supplemented with bioavailability boosters (tannin, low molecular weight chitosan, and polyethylene glycol), on improving antioxidant levels and glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). The study is designed as a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial intending to enroll 240 T2D patients. The primary objective is to measure changes from baseline to 180 days in several key biomarkers, including endogenous reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), along with other metabolic parameters.

Hypothesis: The anticipated outcome is a significant increase in GSH levels and a decrease in markers of oxidative damage among participants receiving L-glutathione compared to those in the placebo group, potentially indicating improved antioxidant defenses and some effects on glycemic regulation in T2D patients. This trial aims to fill gaps in current research regarding the role of L-glutathione supplementation in managing oxidative stress and metabolic control in diabetes.